1919] BARRETT AND HAWKES, KRATZ CREEK MOUNDS. 31 



jects; burning, burial with the body itself, casting away or deposit- 

 ing in some lonely spot, and disposition in some body of water, 

 such as a sacred spring, lake or river. It is quite possible, there- 

 fore, that if stone tools were used in connection with the building 

 of these mounds they were disposed of in one of the last two man- 

 ners : disposition in some secluded spot or in some sacred body of 

 water. Possibly further researches may reveal some such hiding 

 place in this vicinity. Similar depositories are found in certain 

 other parts of Wisconsin, notably the sacred spring at Green lake, 

 which likely belongs to the same cultural region as the Kratz Creek 

 mound group. 



PROBABLE AGE AND AFFILIATION 



The probable age of this mound group and its affiliation with 

 other neighboring groups, and with the surface remains in the vi- 

 cinity, is difficult to determine. At present no data are available 

 for comparison of this group with others of the region and only 

 limited information is at hand for comparing them with the surface 

 remains in the adjacent village sites, workshops, etc. Therefore, 

 comparisons must be largely limited to relations within the group 

 itself. 



The mounds as a whole do not present homogeneous character- 

 istics such as would be present had they been constructed at one 

 time and by a single people. As mentioned in a previous section the 

 first line of mounds, which is located along the immediate lake 

 shore, appears to be considerably older than the second line which 

 is at some distance from the lake. Numerous contrasts between 

 these two archeological groups have already been pointed out and 

 lead to the conclusion that they were constructed by different peo- 

 ples and that considerable time elapsed between the building of the 

 first and the second. 



The differing methods of construction of the mounds in these 

 two sections throw some light on their relative antiquity. Atten- 

 tion has already been called to the fact that there are apparently 

 two distinct methods of constructing effigy mounds. In the one 

 the effigy is first formed by an excavation or intaglio of the same 

 shape and about the same size as the finished cameo mound. It is 

 then filled in and the cameo built with great attention to stratifica- 

 tion. In the other method several small conicals are so disposed as 



