1919] BARRETT AND HAWKES, KRATZ CREEK MOUNDS. 67 



The builders had evidently dug down to this depth, 7.6 feet be- 

 low the top of the conical, or 4.76 feet below the surface of the 

 ground level and built up these ten strata. 



The diameter of the fire stratum, kindled near the top of the 

 conical, was approximately 6 feet. It was underlaid by the usual 

 ceremonial light yellow sand, and varied from 0.3 to 1 foot in depth. 

 On the south side of the conical a variation in stratification indi- 

 cated that a subsidiary offering had been made here. A small fire 

 was underlaid by a mixed golden and yellow sand, which was super- 

 imposed on a stratum of brownish earth-streaked sand. The latter 

 was the usual evidence of the deposit of unburned offerings. The 

 combination of the two showed that here was a supplementary sac- 

 rifice, of both burned and unburned offerings, to the central burial. 



On the connecting linear, borings for stratification were taken 

 every ten feet. The stratification of this section of the mound was 

 remarkably uniform, indicating that in all probability it was filled in 

 after the conical was built. There was a distinct break between its 

 stratification and that of the conical, and then it ran in a uniform 

 series of strata to the conical on the eastern end. For the first 20 

 feet the upper four strata, consisting of loam, light yellow sand, red 

 sandy clay and golden sand, maintained almost identically the same 

 levels. 



The eastern conical of this composite mound, varied only slightly 

 in stratification from the connecting linear. It contained two new 

 strata, red sand and white clay, but did not differ from the linear so 

 radically in number and position of strata as did the western conical. 

 Its original excavation extended only 6.5 feet below the top of the 

 mound or 3.66 feet below the surrounding level. This conical con- 

 tained no fire strata, as did the western conical, and was not used 

 for burial. It was evidently erected separately from the linear, but 

 not stratified so complexly as the western conical, where a burial 

 was placed. 



The dip of the strata in the linear makes it appear probable that 

 it was constructed by filling in from either conical toward the cen- 

 ter. As previously mentioned, there appeared to be a general prac- 

 tise of building up these larger mounds sectionally, which is indi- 

 cated by the sharp break in the strata at various points. On the 

 other hand, the smaller mounds of the older group appear to have 

 been erected as wholes, with a perfect horizontal stratification. 



