1919] BARRETT AND HAWKES, KRATZ CREEK MOUNDS. 79 



cross section of this mound. The very fine yellow sand under- 

 lying the fire stratum reached in places a thickness of 4 feet. 



This mound had been dug at the center and trenched across 

 from east to west, so that anything it contained of value must have 

 been removed. A very interesting bird-shaped altar was, however, 

 located in the southeast portion of the mound. This altar was im- 

 bedded in the very fine, light yellow sand used ceremonially in this 

 older group of mounds, and had a distinct stratification of its own 

 above it. This consisted of the very fine, yellow sand, just men- 

 tioned, a dark earth streak representing unburned offerings, a layer 

 of mottled sand, a stratum of fire-blackened sand, a thick fire 

 stratum, and finally the surface loam. 



While not so large as the other crematory altar mound, No. 27, 

 this mound was more carefully stratified, and contained the addi- 

 tional element of the deposition of unburned offerings, perhaps in 

 connection with the cremation of bodies and other sacrifices on the 

 great fire. 



MOUND No. 34 



This low-lying bear mound, shown in fig. 15, represents the 

 typical effigy mound of the older group. It was 52 feet long, and 19 

 feet wide, with two short legs and almost no head. Its elevation- 

 above mean lake level was 21.83 feet, or about 1.4 feet above the 

 surrounding level. It trended E 18° S. 



It had two large fires opposite the legs, and three smaller fires 

 at intervals along the body. These occurred at an average of 1.5 

 feet below the surface of the mound, or approximately at ground 

 level. They formed a line of small fires kindled near the original 

 top of the mound, over which a layer of loam was later spread. 

 The strata at the shoulder position of the effigy figure were as 

 follows : 



Surface 21.83 



Fireplace 20.53 



Very fine yellow sand 19.82 



Bottom of Mound: 



Red sandy clay 17.32 



Whitish sand 17.13 



Red sandy clay 17.03 



Mottled sandy clay 16.53 



