3 vols. 70 p. c. alcohol; but when more alcohol is added opalescence to 

 turbidity generally ensues; from 0,5 to 1,5 vols. 80 p. c. alcohol is sufficient 

 to procure a solution; but here also, in a very few cases the dilute solu- 

 tion exhibits a slight opalescence. An oil which was recently examined 

 in our laboratory gave the remarkably high ester value 54,5. For the rest 

 it behaved normally (di 5 o 0,9403; « D — 14° 34'; n D20 o 1,48373; ester v. after 

 acetyl. 167,0). No adulteration with fatty oil or artificial esters could be 

 detected. It follows from the above that in certain circumstances the 

 ester value may attain the limit stated, provided always that the oil is 

 not the product of another species of grass. 



Hop Oil. The hop crop, which is now in progress everywhere, is 

 very abundant and in all districts will be far in excess of that of 1911. 

 There will therefore probably be at length an opportunity this year of 

 again distilling hop oil, an article which for some considerable time has 

 been entirely wanting. Consumers, however, have learnt to dispense with 

 the oil, as is evident from the slight demand which was experienced last 

 year. The world's production of hops in 1911 is estimated at 1808000 

 double centners (of 100 kilos); in 1911 it was 1365000 double centners. 

 The world's average yearly consumption of hops is estimated by an 

 authoritative source at 1780000 double centners. 



On the occurrence of «- and /?-caryophyllene in hop oil, see p. 149. 



Hyssop Oil. We again have at our disposal a sufficient quantity of 

 an exquisite distillate produced from plants of our own growing. 



Juniper Berry Oil. Exact information with regard to the result of 

 the crop in the different producing districts is not yet available, but from 

 Italy, which probably supplies the bulk of the juniper berries used in the 

 German essential oil industry, comes the report that this year's yield is 

 even smaller than was that of 1911, which itself was insufficient to meet 

 the requirements. In 1911, however, large quantities of berries from the 

 year 1910 were available. As a result of the news referred to above there 

 has already been an advance of about 10 p. c. in the price of Italian 

 berries. No particulars are yet to hand with regard to the Hungarian 

 crop, but we hear from Italy that operators there are trying to buy 

 Hungarian berries, the outlook being unfavourable. It will not be possible 

 to form a precise opinion of the market-position until after the course of 

 a few weeks, but it may already be said that lower prices than those now 

 prevailing can certainly not be looked for. 



Cyprian Juniper Berry Oil. We received from the Imperial Institute 

 in London a sample of juniper berry oil distilled in Cyprus, which we will 

 here describe briefly, as it represents a novelty in respect of the place 



