_ 8o — 



we repeat this statement here, and at the same time we place it on 

 record that the article which goes by the name of Oleum Pini silvestris 

 in commerce, is really oil from cones of Abies pectinata D. C. {Oleum 

 templinum). In the existing conditions it would certainly be better if 

 the designation u Oleum Pini silvestris" were to disappear from the 

 commercial vocabulary altogether, and were exclusively reserved to the 

 real oil from pine-needles. 



While working up a large parcel of oil from cones of Abies pectinata 

 D. G. for 1-limonene, we were able to prove definitely the presence of 

 borneol in this oil. Bertram and Walbaum 1 ), while examining 

 this oil, had already discovered an ester, but they were unable to 

 determine its character, as it only occurs in small proportions in the 

 oil. They surmised that this ester represented bornyl acetate, because 

 this substance is a constituent of almost all pine-needle oils. 



The oil worked up by us, and referred to above, possessed the following 

 constants: di 5 o 0,8556, n D 20° 1,47246, «d — 76 30', ester no. 5,3. 

 The oil was freed from terpenes by fractional distillation and saponified. 

 The resultant alcohols were found to boil between 190 and 225 . 

 The principal fraction (b. p. 205 to 215 ) was heated with phthalic 

 anhydride and the acid ester formed was recrystallised from alcohol. 

 The m. p. (164 ) is that of the acid phthalic ester of borneol. 

 Owing to the smallness of the sample available it was impossible to 

 identify the borneol by other combinations. In addition, there appeared 

 to be present in the oil, another alcohol (b. p. 190 to 197 ; diso 0,9013), 

 and a sesquiterpene. 



From Siberian pine needle oil, P. G. Golubeff 2 ) obtained by 

 distillation, after heating the oil to 50 to 6o° with a mixture of sulphuric 

 and acetic acids and saponifying with alcoholic potash solution, a solid, 

 inactive camphene (m. p. 47to48°; b. p. 157 to 158 ). When hydrated, 

 this camphene, like the 1-camphene obtained from the crude oil of the 

 Siberian pine, yielded i-isoborneol, which was convertible into i-campher 

 (m. p. 178 to 1 79 , b. p. 204 ) by means of nitric acid or permanganate. 



From the needles of the Australian pine tree Callitris glauca 

 R. T. Baker and H. G. Smith 3 ) obtained 0,6 °/ of a volatile oil 

 with a content of about 12 to 1 6 °/ bornyl acetate and geranyl acetate. 

 The constants of the crude oil moved within the following limits: 

 d 0,8631 to 0,8782, « D -j-22,7 to -(-3 1,3°, n D 14747 to i,4779- 



*) Arch, der Pharm. 231 (1893), 2 93J Report April 1893, 55. 



2 ) Meeting of the Chem. Section of the Russian phys. chem. Soc, May 8/21, 

 1908. According to Chem. Ztg. 32 (1908), 922. 



8 ) Roy. Soc. N. S. Wales. Abstract of Proceedings, Aug. 1908, iii. Quoted 

 from Journ. Soc. chem. Industry 27 (1908), 1039. 



