“M & A 4508 
Horses protecting their lips from nose bot flies. 
controllable. Runaways commonly 
result. 
By Larvare.—Newly hatched bots 
produce a severe irritation as they 
burrow into the animal’s tongue, 
gums, or lips. The irritation and 
itching caused by the young nose 
bots is particularly severe. 
To relieve the irritation, animals 
may stand at watering troughs, dip 
their lips into water, and rub their 
lips violently against the wall of the 
_tank. They may injure themselves 
by rubbing their lips and noses on 
the ground, fences, stones, or other 
objects. 
Direct Damage 
The bots attach themselves with 
spiny mouth hooks to the lining of 
the animal’s stomach or small intes- 
6 
tine. These attachments cause in- 
flammation, which interferes with 
digestion. 
Bots attached to the lower part of 
the stomach interfere with the pas- 
sage of food. Infested animals often 
suffer from colic or other gastric 
disturbances. 
The degree of damage done by the 
feeding of the larvae is roughly in 
proportion to the number present. 
Several hundred larvae may be found 
in one animal; more than 1,000 have 
been found in the stomach of a colt. 
CONTROL 
Treat animals in the fall to rid 
them of eggs and larvae. The ani- 
mals will be in better health through- 
out the winter, and there will be 
