4 g INTRODUCTION. 



state, as the name Subspinosa indicates. One of the subjects of the Javanese 

 series is very remarkable as an osculant or intermediate form ; it partakes both 

 of the character of the Thysanuriform and of the Scolopendriform stirpes : the pro- 

 cesses are without lateral spines and the body has in the anterior parts appendages at 

 the sides, which are also observed in the analogous group of LepismcE ; yet the perfect 

 insect greatly resembles the various species of Limenitis. This larva is represented 

 in the diagram, in fig. 23 ; but the indications which it offers, in a systematic point 

 of view, remain for future discussion. The family G, W. V. Larvce Cornuttf, com- 

 prising the genus Apatura, is near the confines of the Thysanuriform stirps. 



The pupa of the Chilopodiform stirps is naked and angulated, and greatly 

 diversified on the surface in the different subdivisions : in some cases it is nearly 

 even, in others it is marked at regular distances with tubercles and prominences, in 

 others it is deeply notched or indented. The surface is occasionally ornamented with 

 shining lines and dots, or covered entirely with a golden lustre. The pupa is either 

 oblong or compressed, and attenuated posteriorly ; the capital extremity being round- 

 ed in some cases, obtuse in others, and generally terminated by two broad, compressed, 

 and somewhat diverging points. The pupa is generally suspended by the tail with 

 the head precipitous or directed downwards : from several drawings in the Javanese 

 series it would appear that the attitude is occasionally reversed, the head being 

 directed upwards, by means of a curve near the posterior extremity. The mode 

 of suspension is described in the Vienna Catalogue either as " gesturtzt" inverse 

 suspensa, or as " senkrecht" perpendiculariter suspensa. But it does not appear to 

 me, that either of these is intended to indicate that deviation from the usual mode 

 of suspension, to which I have alluded. 



The perfect insect exhibits, in many of the typical species, a very peculiar 

 character ; the wings in these have a great expansion, the margins are angulated 

 or deeply indented with irregular notches, leaving a short oblique line at the extre- 

 mity. This character gradually decreases in degree until the borders terminate 

 with simple indentations. The sub-divisions of this group have been made 

 according to the development of this character. The appendages to the posterior 

 wings are generally triangular, broad at the base and accumulate ; differing in this 

 particular from the linear appendages of the Vermiform stirps, or from the appen- 

 dages of the Juliform stirps, which are generally contracted at the base. 



No correct idea can be given of the palpi of the insects of this tribe, without 

 detailed illustrations, as they vary in the different groups : I shall therefore limit 

 myself to a few general observations. The dissections which are contained on the 

 third plate, of the genera Euplcea, Idea, Heliconia, and Aercva, prepare us for 

 that character which is exhibited in the typical species of this stirps. The palpi in 



these 



