50 



INTRODUCTION. 



which these organs have been termed spurious, in a higher degree than the anterior 

 feet of the Scolopendriform stirps. The intermediate and posterior feet agree in 

 most particulars with those of the former stirps of this tribe. 



The abdomen is shorter, in proportion to the wings, than in the three former 

 stirpes ; in some individuals it is provided, in the male, at the sides and extremity 

 with fascicles of long silky hair, which extend themselves horizontally. The pro- 

 boscis is of moderate length and size. 



In the synoptic view of the first tribe, this stirps is designated in the perfect insect 

 by the name of Maniola, which was introduced by Schrank ; it is, in my opinion, 

 more appropriate than that of Nymphales, which, by associating this stirps with the 

 former, tends to keep up the erroneous idea of their identity. 



Anopluriform Stirps. — The larvae of none of the stirpes hitherto enumerated 

 exhibit an analogical resemblance to one or other of the orders of the Ametabola, 

 in a more striking manner than those of the last stirps. Every Entomologist is 

 acquainted with the larvae of the Hesperidce : they are characterized by a head 

 comparatively of excessive size, and by an abrupt termination posteriorly, or in other 

 words, by the entire absence of every thing like a caudal appendage. Who is not by 

 this form, strongly reminded of the Anoplura f Here is an absolute want of tail, 

 combined with a great development of the capital part of the insect. The form of 

 the common pediculus with its large fore-end and blunt abdomen, readily occurs to 

 the mind, and a similar external structure is exhibited by all Anoplura. At present I 

 shall not pursue this comparison, but referring to the Ametabola, as disposed in the 

 Horse Entomologies?, shall remark, that by following the order there pursued, we 

 have now completed the circle of the first tribe of Lepidoptera, namely that of 

 the Diurnal butterflies, or Papilionidce, strictly so called. The affinity between the 

 Thysanuriform and Anopluriform stirpes in the larva state, is partially illustrated in 

 the diagram on the third plate, by the twenty-fourth and twenty-fifth figures ; the 

 same relation between the Anopluriform and Vermiform stirpes is likewise apparent 

 in the figures exhibited at the point of contact in the diagram. These affinities are 

 confirmed by various peculiarities in the perfect insect, which will be mentioned in 

 the proper place. The approximate disposal of the Plebeji urbicoli and the Plebeji 

 rurales, by systematic writers, may provisionally confirm this arrangement. 



The metamorphosis of the Anopluriform stirps, in its pupa-state, exhibits a very 

 peculiar structure. The pupa is not, like that of the former stirpes, ano-ulated 

 naked, and suspended in the open air, but it is concealed by a follicuhts, or by a 

 covering of a convoluted leaf, and when separated it exhibits a smooth surface resembling 

 that of the nocturnal Lepidoptera. It has therefore been termed Torlric'form, and its 

 relation to one of the stirpes of the Phalamidce has already been pointed out. 



The 



