62 MISC. PUBLICATION 101, U. 8. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
TABLE 1.—Chemical analysis of common serviceberry, air-dry basis 
Constituent 
Nitrogen 
free ex- 
tract 
Ether Crude Crude 
Water Ash extract fiber protein 
Per cent | Per cent | Per cent | Per cent | Per cent | Per cent 
Large-leaved or creek form-_-_____________..- 4, 26 1. 85 6. 07 22. 60 13. 76 51, 44 
Small-leaved or hillside form__________-- 6.13 7. 16 10. 26 13. 50 Los2 47, 38 
When the enormous distribution of the plant is taken into consid- 
eration as well as its wide adaptability, abundance, accessibility, 
prolificacy of herbage, and utilization by all classes of grazing ani- 
mals, the range importance is obvious. In parts of western Montana 
and Idaho where there is abundant other and more palatable feed 
common serviceberry has been reported as but slightly cropped by 
sheep. In numerous places, however, the species 1s ranked as very 
good or even excellent for sheep, particularly in Wyoming, Utah, 
Idaho, Nevada, and California on ranges where other more palat- 
able feed is not abundant. For cattle it is generally considered fair 
to good forage. 
In the region from British Columbia, and possibly Alaska to Cali- 
fornia and Montana (and perhaps occasionally eastward), is a form 
known as Pacific serviceberry (A. florida), often called flowering, 
or showy, serviceberry and by many authors considered indistin- 
guishable from A. alnifolia. It has, however, thinner (mostly nar- 
rower) leaves more glabrous below, and larger, showier flowers than 
typical alnifolia and probably is more often arborescent. It per- 
haps may better be regarded as a coastal or northwestern form of 
alnifolia. On the whole, the foliage of this form is rather more 
palatable than that of typical alnifolia. It occurs in Idaho between 
about 2,500 and 7,000 feet elevation, often in association with aspen, 
willow, snowbrush, and chokecherry, and in many localities abun- 
dantly. In northeastern California it is ranked among the most 
important browse plants on many ranges and in Washington is 
considered more valuable for cattle than sheep, especially during 
late summer and fall. 
The berrylike fruits (more strictly pomes or miniature apples) 
of both A. alnifolia and A. florida are much valued for human con- 
sumption and, collected and dried, were an important source of food 
among the Indians. 
Mountain serviceberry (A. oreophila), known also as hairy moun- 
tain sarvis, is a low, hairy-leaved shrub, growing in clumps, and 
ranging from the Black Hills region of South Dakota to New 
Mexico, Nevada, and southern Montana. It occurs on slopes and 
in canyons, between about 5,000 and 8,000 feet elevation, in browse 
and woodland types and mostly in rather loose and dry, sandy, 
gravelly, or rocky soils. The flowers appear from the middle of May 
through June and the dark insipid fruit ripens in September and 
October. It is often locally abundant, is accounted fair sheep feed, 
but is mostly worthless or poor for cattle. 
Cluster serviceberry (A. polycarpa) ranges from southwestern 
Wyoming to northwestern New Mexico and southern Utah (prob- 
