130 MISC. PUBLICATION 101, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
New Jersey. It is similar to alpine kalmia. This is a rather larger 
plant than A, microphylla (with which it is not infrequently con- 
fused), averaging from 6 to 24 inches high. In the Pacific region 
it is found mainly in the moist coastal belt. Hall and Yates (53) 
state that this is one of the most poisonous plants occurring in 
California. 
FicurE 38.—Alpine kalmia or alpine bog kalmia (Kalmia microphylla), a dwarf 
bog shrub of high western mountains, not palatable to livestock, but apt to be 
poisonous to sheep and calves when eaten by them 
LABRADOR-TEAS (LEDUM SPP.) 
Labrador-teas, or ledums, comprise some six boreal species, of 
which three are found in the West. They are evergreen, resinous 
shrubs, the foliage when bruised having a characteristic fragrance. 
The genus is essentially one of cold, acid bogs. Livestock (except 
in Alaska) very seldom touch the foliage of these plants so that, 
although they are apparently poisonous, relatively few cases of 
