138 MISC. PUBLICATION 101, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
Oregon ash (/’. ovegona) occurs near streams, in swales and rich 
alluvial bottom lands, sometimes in gravelly sites, from sea level up 
to about 5,000 feet, and ranges from southern British Columbia 
practically throughout California. It is the only Pacific species of 
ash as far south as northern California and is a valuable timber 
species on its best sites. The stubbier growths are browsed under 
some conditions by all classes of livestock. In the Modoc lava-bed 
country it is a fairly important cattle browse and has been reported 
as good browse for sheep and goats in Douglas County, Oreg. 
MENODORA SPP. 
There are approximately six or seven western species of menodora 
(Menodora spp.), sometimes called twinberry or twinfruit, low 
shrubby or half-shrubby, largely desert perennials of the Southwest 
and southern Great Basin regions. 
Showy menodora (J/. longiflora, syn. Menodoropsis longiflora), 
an undershrub with large, handsome yellow flowers, is found scat- 
tered but rather common, especially on south exposures in oak-ma- 
hogany-grama associations of the woodland type, from west Texas 
to southern New Mexico, and Coahuila, and is fairly palatable goat 
feed. 
Rough menodora (J. scabra), an undershrub with flaxlike stems, 
occurs from west Texas to southern Utah and southern California 
and south into Mexico, mostly in dry sites up to 7,000 feet. 
Smooth menedora (J/. /aevis) of southern New Mexico and Ari- 
zona and the closely related rough menodora are accounted fair to 
fairly good fall, winter, and early spring browse for cattle and 
horses. 
LOGANIA FAMILY (LOGANIACEAE) 
BUTTERFLYBUSHES (BUDDLEIA SPP.) 
About four species of butterflybush occur in the West, and these 
are confined to the southern Great Basin and the Southwest. Con- 
siderable is yet to be learned concerning their forage and other 
economic status. As active chemical properties abound in this 
family, and as a number of the Mexican species are used medicinally 
(12S), it is well to observe these plants carefully on the range. 
Woolly butterflybush (Buddleia marrubifolia), often called by 
Mexicans azafan del campo, with rather small leaves, occurs in west- 
ern Texas and south into Mexico; it is a medicinal plant among 
Mexicans and Indians and the flowers yield a yellow dye. 
Utah butterflybush (2. utahensis), with leaves thick, rather nar- 
row, and woolly when young, grows on dry rocky hills and mesas 
in southwestern Utah and southern Nevada. There is no definite 
information that either this species or woolly butterflybush is grazed, 
although it is quite possible that they furnish some browse in the arid 
sites they inhabit. 
Escobilla (2B. scordioides), also known as golondrilla, a low aro- 
matic bush with small leaves, found in warm dry sites from western 
Texas to southern Arizona and south to Mexico, is reported to have 
fairly good to good palatability for sheep, goats, and cattle. 
