INDEX 211 
Taxodiaceae, 10. Tree—Continued, 
Taxus (yew), 1 11-12. groundsel, 158. 
joaccata (English v5 sei gutter, 121. 
brevifelia (Pacific, ye), 12. 
canadensis (Canada y.). 7, 
Mayors.) Hie 
7Tea, 57, 131. 
Alaska, 131. 
Brigham, 12. 
substitutes, 57, 131. 
teamsters’, 12. 
wild; 88. 
Tea-tree, Oregon, 110. 
Duke of Argyll’s, 142. 
Tecoma stans (trumpetbush), 144, 180. 
Terpenes, ; 
Tesota (Olneya tesota), 86-87. 
Tetracoccus, 93. 
Tetradymia (horsebrush), 8, 176-177. 
axillaris (longspine h. ), 177, 178. 
canescens inermis (spineless h.), 177, 178. 
glabrata (littleleaf h.), 176-177, 180. 
inermis, 177. 
longispina, mA 
nuttallii (Nuttall h.), ite 
spinosa (shortspine h.), 177. 
Texas, Panhandle region, 23. 
Thamnesma (desert-rue), 91—93. 
montana (Mohave d. ia 91-92, 
texana (Texas d.-r.), 92—93. 
Thimbleberry (Rubus spp.), 7, 57, 58, 60, 106— 
07, 133. See Raspberry, whitefiowering. 
western, 58. 
Thistle, Scotch, ae 
Thompson, Robert 
Thorn(s), 49, 58, 63 69, 71, 79, 116. 
Spines. 
broom, 89. 
bush, 179) 
cotton, 177. 
crucifixion, 116. 
desert, 142, 
rabbit, 142. 
Thorn- -apple, short-spined, 63. 
Serene John James, 82, 94, 156, 186, 
Thorny bill, 25. 
Thoroughwort, snow, 156. 
Three-awn, 
Thurberia, | 114-115. 
shrubby (T. triloba), 114. 
thespesioides, 114. 
triloba (shrubby t.), 114. 
Thymophylla, 165. 
Tidelands, 147, 
Tidestrom, Ivar, 4, 27, 63, 187. 
Timber, 87, 138; See also’ Types, timber. 
Timothy, urn 
Tithymalus (spurge), 93. 
crenulatus (beetle s.), ee 
paimeri (Palmer s.), 9 93 
Tlapalezpatli, 86. 
Tobacco (Nicotiana), 142-143. 
tree (N. elnnea) 142-143, 
Tobacco-brush, 
Tobosa-grass, 165. 
Tohafs, 164. 
Tomatilla ( -0), 142. 
Tonestus, 156. 
Tonic(s), 164, 169, 175. 
cow, 175. 
properties, 169. 
Tonto Creek, 37. 
Tonto National Forest, 37. 
Tornillo, 77. See Screwbean. 
Tournefort, Joseph Pitton, 118. 
Toxicodendron (poison ivy; poison oak; pceison 
sumac), 96, 97, 180. 
diversilobum (p. 0.), 97 
rydbersii (western p. i.), 97. 
vernix (poison sumac), 97. 
Toyabe Mountains, 27. 
Transpiration, browse devices to retard, 
1238, 164. 
Tree, bore, 149. 
button, 145. 
cajeput, 39. 
California bay, 39. 
See 
of Christ, 116. 
San Juan, 142, 
spice, 39. 
Treebine (Cissus incisa), 114, 
Tree-huckleberry cap odenat on spp.), 133. 
Treemallow (Lavatera), 115. 
California (L. assur pero Hera) 115. 
Tree-pea (Parosela spinosa), 8 
Trefoil, shrubby, 91. 
Trelease, William, 20, 21, 187. 
Tremetol, 156. 
Trichosterigma, 93. 
Trinity Mountains, 23. 
Trixis, American (T. californica), 153. 
angustifolia, 153. 
californica (American t.), 153. 
suffruticosa, 153. 
Tronadora, 142. 
Trumpetbush (Tecoma stans), 144. 
Trumpetcreeper family, 144. 
Tunas, 118. 
Turner, Wie eS ie 
Turnera aphrodisiaca. See 7. diffusa. 
diffusa eee 166 
Twinberry, 138, 
red, 147. 
Twinflower (Linnaea), 48, 146. 
American (L. borealis americana), 146. 
Twinfruit, 138. 
Twirling sticks, 169. 
Two-eyed berries, 146. 
Type(s). See also Formations and Zones. 
ae Aly 124" (1265 1:28; Saori SAS 
arctic-alpine, 64, 121, ise 12657 1302 
See also Type(s), a 
aspen, 109, 119, 148, 50 “i69, 173. 
blackbrush, 55. 
bluffs, ocean, 39. 
browse. See Type(s), brush. 
brvsh, 37, 43, 46, 48. 50, 55, 60, 62, 
68, 69, 99, 100, 109, 111 424, Tani 
140, 166, 169. | See also "Chaparral. 
brush- ‘annuals, 164 
catclaw, 37. 
chaparral. 
climax, 15. 
conifer. See Conifers ; 
conifer, 
covillea. See Type(s), creosote bush. 
covillea-mesquite. See Type(s), mes- 
quite-covillea. 
creosote bush, 2, 71, 89, 94, 96, 97, 
See Chaparral. 
Type(s), mixed 
nee 137, 140, 141, 144, 154, "156, 
58. 
desert. See Deserts. 
Douglas fir, 100, 128, 128, 135; 150. 
See also’ Type(s), 
pine—Douglas fir, 
Engelmann spruce, 98, 132, 149, 150, 
169, 173. 
fire, 107. 
foothill. 
grama, 
2rass, 
western yellow 
See Foothills. 
164. 
76, 169, 178. 
grass- Sei 142, 166. 
grass” -weed, 33, 145, 155, 157, 158, 
greasewood, 2. 
juniper, 66, 139, 158. -See also 
Type(s), pifon-juniper. 
juniper-pinon, See Type(s), 
juniper. 
Jacustrine (lake shore), 57, 175. 
live oak, 123. 
lodgepole pines 165,119) Asa rts elsae 
136, 149. 
meadow, 40, 57, 120, 134, 135. 
mesa, 27, 50, rae 82, 116, 138, 140, 
165, 167. 
mesquite, 71, 85. 
mesquite- catélaw, 82. 
mesquite-covillea, 85 ee 154, 165. 
mixed conifer, 35, 8 
mountain-mahogany, 45, 158. 
pibon- 
