INDEX 
Whitethorn (Ceanothus soraatatus) 108-109. 
(Zizyphus lycioides), 113. 
Whitham, James C., 4. 
Whortleberry (Vaccinium SPp.), 
#35, 136. 
big (¥. ere ENTACeURD) » ees 
blue (V. ovalifolium), 135. 
dwarf (V. cespitosum), aie. 
grouse (VY. scoparium), 135—136. 
red (¥. parvifolium), 135. 
Rocky Mountain (¥V. oreophilum), 135. 
timber-line (V. deliciosum), 1 
Wichita National Forest, 82. 
Wilcox, Hi. V., 67, 179, 181. 
Wild almond, Torrey (Emplectocladus fascicu- 
latus), TO. 
Wild life (relation to browse spp.), 4, 25, 
98. See also Fruits. 
antelope, browse of, 51, 52, 53, 177. 
bears, berries cropped by. See Fruits. 
use of mast by, 21, 
birds (doves, grouse, jays, “ptarmigan, 
aE wild pigeons, wild turkeys, 
etc.). 
as ESE TUS of seed dissemination, 
10: 
browse of, 89. 
flowers eaten by, 127, 132. 
seeds edible to, 94. 
earibou, browse of, 136. 
deer (including mule deer). 
browse of, rare 21, 87, 94, 107, 109, 
124. 150. 
spring browse, 52, 53, 58, 100. 
winter browse, 45, 50, 52, 53. 
eovert for, 109. 
spp. poisonous to, 11. 
use of mast by, 24. 
elk, spring browse of, 100. 
winter browse of, 33, 170, 171. 
moose, browse of, 18. 
rodents (jack rabbits, kangaroo rats, 
Squirrels, etc.). 
browse of, 118, 154. 
cover for, 71. 
seeds edible to, 94. 
Spp. poisonous to, 11, 158. 
species having medicinal effect on, 176. 
Wild-rye, 176. 
Wiley, Harvey W., 37. 
Willey, J. A., 4. 
Williams, iz. ea 189. 
Willow (Salix), 2, 9, 15-16, 46, 49, 62, 63, 
100, 119, 121, 126) 146, 147. 
Barclay e: “barclayi), 16. 
beak, 
Bebb (Ss. ‘ bebbiana), 16. 
black, 15. 
blue ‘Ss. subcoerulea), 16. 
blueback (S. glaucops), 16. 
button, 145. 
desert. See Desertwillow. 
false, 144, 
family, {eer 15-17. 
fire, 15, 8. 
Geyer is geyeriana), 16. 
Gila, 158. 
greensides (S. monochroma), spas 
Idaho (S. wolfii idahoensis), 1 
mountain, 15. 
narrowleaf (S. exigua), 16. 
Nuttall, 15. 
Rocky Mountain, 16. 
Seouler (S. scouleriana), 15-16. 
silverleaf (S. argophylla), 16. 
stinking, 83. 
summit (S. saximontana), 16. 
tufted (S. caespitosa), 16. 
undergreen (S. commutata), 16. 
water, 158. 
Wilson, C. P., 28, 30, 182, 187. 
Wilson, Nathaniel E.,’ 41, 48, 61, 
Wind, seed dissemination by, 102. 
erosion, 12, 14, 160. 
Wind River district (Wyo.), 175. 
Wintercreeper, See Huonymus. 
68, 187. 
133-134, 
213 
Winter fat (Eurotia; E. lanata), 8, 31-33, 34. 
Wintergreen (Gaultheria; G. procumbens), 
105, 128. 
bush ae ovatifolia), 128. 
oil of, 128. 
western (G. humifusa), 128. 
Wissadula, 115, 
Wolfberry, Frémont \eyehun fremontii), 142. 
pale (L. pallidum), 14 
(Symphoricarpos ras 149. 
Wood. See Fuel; Fence posts. 
Wood, Geo. B. 153, 158, 169, 187. 
Wood, Horatio €.;. 153; 1585 169) tse 
Wood, Horatio C., jr., 153, 158, 169, 187. 
Woodhead, Philip View 
Woods, C. N., 4, 63. 
Ogu ore: T. E., aa eeed oye 
Wooten, - O., 12, 30; 33;.36, 165, 180: AST, 
Work, Herman, 4. 
Wormweod (Artemisia), 153° 16%, E70: 
American, 170. 
bud, 170. 
common (A. absinthium), 172. 
fringed, i70. 
Louisiana (A. ludoviciana), 175. 
Mexican (A. mexicana), 175—176. 
New Mexican (A. neomexicana), 
oil of, 172. 
Wyman, Lenthall, 4. 
Xylorrhiza (woody aster), 157, 158, 180. 
giabriuscula, 157-157. See Aster gla- 
briusculus. 
parryi, 157, 180. See A. parryi. 
Xylosteon, 146. See Lonicera. 
involucratum, 147. 
ledebourii, 147. 
utahense, 147. 
Yarrow, 169. 
Yates, Harry S., 4, 67, 130, 143, 183. 
Yeliowbrush, 157, 160, 161. 
Douglas, 161. 
dwarf, 160. 
rubber, 161. 
Yellowstone National Park, 132. 
Yerba buena, 146. 
Yerba del buey, 114. 
Yerba del pasmo, 53—54. 
Yerba-del-yenado (Porophylium gracile), i166. 
Festa tenes (Baccharis ramulosa), 158, 
59: 
Yerba santa (Eriodictyen), 139-140. 
California (E. californicum), 140. 
narrowleaf (=. angustifolium), 140. 
Yew (Taxus), 11-12, 132. 
Canada (T. canadensis), Hee 
7English (7. baccata), 11-12. 
family, 10, 
Pacific (T. brevifolia), 12, 63, 126. 
Yucca, 14—15, 179. 
angustifolia, 14. 
elata (soapweed), 14. 
glauca (small soapweed), 14-15. 
Soaptree, 14. 
soapweed, 14, 
Yucea family. See Dragon-tree family. 
Yukon, 60, 64. 
Zizyphus (iuiube), 111, 113-114, 179. 
aiso_ Condalia, 
jjujuba (common j.), 113 
Inciaides (Southwestern i. : 113-114. 
lycicides canescens, 113. 
obtusifolia (Texas j.), 114. 
parryi (Parry j.), 114. 
Sativa, 113. See Z. jujuba. 
vulgaris, 113. See Z. jujuba. 
Zon, Raphael, 2, 186. 
Zone(s). See also Formations and Types. 
Arctic-alpine, $4, 121, 124, 126, 130. 
Canadian, 65. 
Hudsonian, 64, 65. 
Lower Sonoran, TA. 89, 90, 140. 
tension, 43. 
Transition, Spy) Ws AG 
Upper Sonoran, 91, 140, 176. 
Zorillo, 91. 
Zygia unguis-cati, 71. 
Zygophyliaceae, 89-91, 
175-176. 
See 
