14 



MISC. PUBLICATION 9 0, U. S. DEPT. OP AGRICULTURE 



Under range conditions, April and May calves are most desirable. 

 The danger from severe storms is not great at this time, and grass 

 is usually fair. If good shelter and feed are available it is good 

 practice to have the calves come in March. Other conditions being 

 equal, early calves get more use from grass the first summer and 

 are more valuable in the fall than late calves. Calves should not 

 be dropped later than July 15. July and August calves are too 

 young to wean with the others in the fall, and unless wintered well 

 will not be much larger when two years of age than the calves 

 dropped the following spring. 



RELATIONSHIP OF FARMS TO THE RANGE 



Three methods are used in the production of beef cattle in Utah. 

 One method is feeding the cattle in feed lots during the winter (as 

 on farms, ranches, or near sugar factories) and grazing them on 

 farm pastures during the summer. Another is grazing the cattle 

 the year round on the open ranges. The third is feeding the cattle 



Figure 6. — Range land adjacent to farms. There is an interdependence between 

 the farm and the range 



in feed lots during the winter but grazing them on the open ranges 

 during the summer. The last is the method most commonly used. 

 Farm lands can ordinarily be used more profitably for crop produc- 

 tion than for beef-cattle pasturage. Feeding the cattle such forage 

 as hay in the summer as well as in the winter, does not pay. For 

 cattle raising to be profitable, a large part of the gains in weight 

 must be made on cheap forage, and the range is the very place to 

 secure this. (Fig. 6.) 



HORSE RAISING IN UTAH 



Horse raising is not now so closely related to the utilization of the 

 natural resources of Utah as is the production of sheep, cattle, and 



