UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATION No. 188 
WASHINGTON, D.C. | JULY 1934 
MACROLEPIDOPTERA AND THEIR PARA- 
SITES REARED FROM FIELD COLLEC- 
TIONS IN THE — NORTHEASTERN 
PART OF THE UNITED STATES 
By J. V. ScuaFrrner, Jr., assistant entomologist, and C. L. GriswoLp, scientific 
aid, Division of Forest Insects, Bureau of Entomology } 
CONTENTS 
Page Page 
GALAN LOXO HO ELT CO) CVA pet 8 eg TE meee 1 | Methods of handling material______-_________. 4 
AMHGwMSECtMNISTS sass tee ee EE EE Las Se 25) |PHELOST-DaArkAasitenlist 2 Ly Ake Du ea Ma ee al 5 
Miscellaneous Diptera_.___----__--_------_----- BI PMRATASTLE OSC IS EO Le Mle Ma LL eRe ND a a 106 
HY PEEPAT ASUS Ween eS ee ee Ree A TEROMiT CHG lies a a AI, et YE a W/m Meee year 156 
This publication is the result of studies begun in 1915 at the Melrose 
Highlands, Mass., laboratory of the Bureau of Entomology to deter- 
mine the native hosts of the introduced parasites of the gypsy moth 
(Porthetria dispar L.) and the brown-tail moth (Nygmia phaeorrhoea 
Don.), and to determine the possible effect of these parasites on the 
native hosts. During the period from 1915 to 1929, inclusive, a large 
amount of material, including macrolepidoptera and microlepidoptera, 
‘Tenthredinoidea, and some Coleoptera, was handled in these experi- 
ments and a great number of native parasites were reared, In addi- 
tion to the valuable information gained for which the project was 
organized, much also has been learned about the native Lepidoptera 
and their parasites. An important contribution is the number of 
species of parasites reared that are new to science. Incidentally, 12 
new species of Tachinidae and 21 of Hymenoptera have already been 
described, and many more await description. 
The purpose of this publication is to present a resume of data 
obtained from the studies of macrolepidoptera and their parasites so 
that it will be available to investigators, teachers, and students of 
biological control, as well as to others interested in the subject. 
1 The authors are indebted to so many individuals for assistance given in so many ways that it is impos- 
‘sible to make a complete acknowledgment of all the contributors. Definite acknowledgments, however, 
are made to A. F. Burgess, who organized and encouraged this project; to C. W. Collins, in charge of the 
Melrose Highlands laboratory of the Bureau of Entomology, under whose general direction this work 
“was performed; to T. H. Jones, for advice and helpful suggestions; to M. T. Smulyan, who conducted the 
rearing work in New Jersey for 2 seasons; and to all other members of the laboratory staff for making col- 
lections and assisting in various ways. They are especially indebted to C. F. W. Muesebeck, who is 
responsible for the identification of the Hymenoptera, and to R. T. Webber for the identification of the 
Diptera, and also to the taxonomists of the Bureau of Entomology, located at the U.S. National Museum, 
who assisted them. To Carl Heinrich and F. H. Benjamin, of the Bureau of Entomology, the late H. G. 
Dyar, and the late F. H. Mosher the authors owe much for assistance in the identification and verification 
‘of the macrolepidoptera. 
33081—34——1 1 
