6 



MISC. PUBLICATION 110, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 



of flowers ; a modified inflorescence 

 leaf. 



Bracted: Provided with bracts or com- 

 posed of bracts; as the bracted in- 

 volucre of the aster (composite) 

 family. 



Broad-leaved herb : A " weed " in the 

 range stockman's sense ; a nongrass- 

 like herb. 



Browse: Twigs and shoots, with their 

 leaves, cropped by livestock from 

 shrubs, trees, and woody vines. One 

 of the four commonly recognized 

 classes of range forage, the others 

 being grasses, grasslike plants, and 

 weeds. 



Bryophyte : A moss or moss ally ; a 

 member of the natural plant group 

 of Bryophyta. 



Bulb: A (usually subterranean) leaf 

 bud, composed of fleshy scales. Not 

 a root, although often supposed, 

 popularly, to be such. 



Caducous: Falling very early; very 

 early deciduous ; as the caducous 

 sepals of poppies. Partly synony- 

 mous with fugacious. 



Caespitose: Tufted; having the stems 

 in a tuft, as a bunch grass. 



Callus: A hard point; specifically the 

 hard, sharp-pointed base of certain 

 grass seeds, as in the genus Stipa. 

 (Fig. 8, c.) 



Calyx (pi. -yces) : The outer series of 

 the floral envelope, or perianth ; the 

 parts immediately below the corolla ; 

 the sepals as a unit. (Fig. 14, d.) 



Figuee 14. — Flower of 

 wallflower (Cheirinia 

 sp.) ; a, Stigma and 

 pistil ; t>, the four pet- 

 als which constitute 

 the corolla ; c, the six 

 stamens ; d, three of 

 the four sepals which 

 constitute the calyx ; 

 e, the pedicel ; 6 and 

 d together constitute 

 the perianth 



Cambium: The thin, mucilaginous, cel- 

 lular layer between the wood of a 

 tree and its inner bark. This layer 

 is the living portion which is an- 

 nually converted into wood on its 

 inner surface and bark on its outer, 



thus bringing about the thickening 

 of the tree trunk. 



Campanulate: Bell shaped. 



Campy lotropous: Literally, bent 

 (curved) — turned; said of curved 

 ovules or seeds one side of which has 

 grown faster than the other so that 

 the micropyle (orifice) is near the 

 hilum (point of attachment), the 

 embryo also being curved. An out- 

 standing character of chickweeds, 

 portulacas, and certain other plants. 



Cancellate : Chambered, or cell-like. 



Canescent: Hoary, with fine grayish 

 pubescence ; grayish white. 



Capillary : Hairlike. 



Capitate: Headlike or head shaped; 

 borne in a head or dense cluster. 



Capitulum: Same as head, especially 

 if small. 



Capsule : A pod ; a dry dehiscent fruit 

 or seed vessel composed of two or 

 more carpels. (Fig. 15.) 



Figure 15. — Capsules of : A, Pentstemon 

 sp. ; B, false-hellebore {Vcratrum cali- 

 fornicum) ; C, Iris sp. 



Carinate: Keellike; keeled like the 



keel of a ship. 

 Carpel: A simple pistil; the modified 



leaf of which the ovary is formed ; 



also, a part of a compound ovary. 

 Carpophore: A carpel-bearing part; 



the central organ from which a car- 

 pel depends, as 



inanumbellifer. 



(Fig. 16, 6.) 

 Caryopsis: The 



fruit of a grass ; 



a grain. The 



seed and fruit 



are united, the 



seed adhering 



to the thin 



pericarp, or 



outer covering 



of the fruit, 



throughout. 



(Fig. 8, 6.) 

 Catabolic: Of or pertainin 



olism. 



Catabolism: The chemical and physi- 

 cal processes involved in cell decay 



Figure 16. — Fruit of 

 an umbellifer : a, 

 Twin mericarps ; 

 6, carpophore 



to catab- 



