8 



MISC. PUBLICATION 110, U. S. DEPI. OF AGRICULTURE 



Composite: A member of the aster, or 

 composite, family (Asteracege, or 

 Composite). 



Coma: Hair, especially if tufted, dense, 

 long, and soft. (Latin, coma). 



Comb, nov.: New combination (Latin, 

 combinatio nova), i. e., a hitherto 

 unpublished scientific plant or ani- 

 mal name based on a rearrangement 

 of names already published. 



Figure 18. — Cleft, as the 

 leaves of certain oaks 

 (Quercus spp.) 



Compound: Composed of two or more 

 separate but similar parts joined to- 

 gether. A compound leaf, for ex- 

 ample, is composed of separate leaf- 

 lets. (Figs. 12, 13, 28, and 46.) A 

 compound ovary is composed of two 

 or more carpels. 



Cone: The (often conical) dry multi- 

 ple fruit of pines, spruces, firs, hem- 

 locks, and other conifers, consisting 

 of numerous partially overlapping 

 (imbricated) scales arranged sym- 

 metrically around a central axis and 

 bearing naked seeds on their upper 

 surface. Same as strobile. 



Conelet: A small or immature cone. 



Confluent: Running together; blended 

 in one. 



Congener: A plant of the same genus. 

 Thus, white pine and yellow pine 

 are congeners. 



Congeneric: Belonging to the same 

 genus. Thus nightshade, eggplant, 

 potato, Jerusalem-cherry 7 , and horse 

 nettle are congeneric, since all are 

 species of the genus Solanum. 



Conifer: Literally, cone bearer. A 

 member of the pine family 

 (Pinacese, or Coniferse). 



Connate: More or less completely 

 united (said of similar organs), as 

 the connate leaves (fig. 19) and ber- 

 ries of honeysuckles (Lonicera 

 spp.). 



Consocies: An associated group of 

 plant societies ; the main subdivision 

 of a plant formation. 



Contorted: Twisted together; twisted. 



Figure 19. — Connate, as the 

 leaves of certain honey- 

 suckles (Lonicera spp.) 



Convolute: Literally, rolled together, 

 rolled up lengthwise, either with one 

 edge rolled inside as a sheet of paper 

 is ordinarily rolled, or both edges 

 rolled toward each other, forming a 

 sort of tube, as in many grass 

 leaves. In the latter case the blades 

 may be either involute or revolute. 



Cordate: Heart shaped; i. e., notched 

 and with two rounded lobes at the 

 base. (Fig. 20.) 



Figure 20. — Cordate 

 leaf of common 

 catalpa (Catalpa 

 Ugnonioides) 



Coriaceous: Of a thick, leathery tex- 

 ture (Latin, corium, hide or skin). 



Corm: A swollen or enlarged, rounded, 

 solid, fleshy, mostly subterranean 

 stem base. Like a bulb in shape and 

 appearance, except that it is solid, 

 instead of being composed of fleshy 

 scales. 



Corolla: The inner series of the floral 

 envelope (perianth) parts; the pet- 

 als as a unit. The five petals of a 

 geranium blossom compose its co- 

 rolla. A corolla may be composed 

 of separate petals (choripetalous, 

 or polypetalous) (fig. 14, fr), or 

 have the parts united (gamopetal- 

 ous, or sympetalous). 



