GLOSSARY OP BOTANICAL TEEMS 



13 



Epigynous: Said of stamens or other 

 floral parts that are bome on the 

 ovary or adnate to it. 



Epipetalous: Borne on the petals or 

 corolla. For example, the stamens 

 of gentians and mints are epipeta- 

 lous, being attached at their base to 

 the basal portion of the corolla. 



Epiphyte: A plant which grows on an- 

 other plant but is not nourished by 

 it and hence not a parasite ; an air 

 plant. Many lichens, mosses, ferns, 

 orchids, and other plants are 

 epiphytic. 



Epiphytic: Of or pertaining to an 

 epiphyte ; having the nature or 

 characteristics of an epiphyte. 



Erose: Having an irregularly cut mar- 

 gin as if gnawed. 



Estipulate: Destitute of stipules. 



Etiolation: Literally, blanching or yel- 

 lowing. Especially a paleness in 

 plants caused by absence or inade- 

 quacy of light, the green chloroplasts 

 being changed to leucoplasts. The 

 blanching of celery stalks for mar- 

 ket and the white sprouts of potato 

 tubers stored in a cellar are familiar 

 examples of etiolation. Etiolation, 

 or paleness of leafage or herbage, 

 may also be hereditary and is a 

 common phenomenon among races 

 or forms of plants in ornamental 

 cultivation ; apparently such a con- 

 dition is "freakish," having no 

 connection with light deficiency. 



Et seq.: And the following (Latin, et 

 sequentes). 



Excurrent: Running out. For exam- 

 ple, a midrib of a leaf projecting 

 beyond the blade in a bristle is ex- 

 current. An excurrent trunk is one 

 that has one main longitudinal axis, 

 as in a typical pine or fir tree. 



Exocarp: The outer layer of a fruit 

 covering that is separable into two 

 or more layers; in a 3-layered fruit 

 covering, synonymous with epicarp. 



Exotic : Foreign ; not native ; intro- 

 duced from another region. Op- 

 posed to indigenous. 



Exserted: Thrust out of; protruding 

 from ; projecting beyond the sur- 

 rounding organs; said especially of 

 pistils and stamens protruding from 

 their corolla. 



Exsiccatae: Dried, pressed-plant speci- 

 mens ; herbarium specimens ; a her- 

 barium collection, especially a num- 

 bered suite or set of specimens by 

 a given collector or collectors. 



Falcate: Sickle shaped. 



Family: In systematic botany (tax- 

 onomy), a (usually natural) group 

 of closely related tribes and genera. 

 As, for example, the grass family, 



the mint family, the rose family, 

 etc. Under modern rules of nomen- 

 clature names of plant families reg- 

 ularly end in -aceae ; as Poaceae, 

 Menthaceae, Rosaceae, etc. In plant 

 ecology the term " family " is some- 

 times used to denote a portion of 

 a plant community composed en- 

 tirely of individual plants of the 

 same species; e. g., a pure stand 

 of fireweed on a burn is a family 

 in the ecological sense. 



Farinaceous: Starchy, mealy. 



Farinose: Clothed with a whitish, 

 mealy substance, as the lower leaf 

 surface of certain primroses (Prim- 

 ula). 



Fascicle: A dense or close bundle or 

 cluster, especially of like organs 

 having a common source. The 

 leaves of white pine, for example- 

 are fasciculate. 



Fasciculate: Arranged in fascicles. 



Fertile: Fruit-producing or capable of 

 proper functioning in reproduction. 



Ff.: Following. 



Fibrovascular: Composed of fibrous 

 vessels, or channels. The fibrous 

 skeleton of roots, stems, and leaves 

 is composed of fibrovascular bun- 

 dles, of which phloem and xylem are 

 the two components. 



Fide: By the authority of (Latin) ; in- 

 dicating the source of an identifica- 

 tion or other statement of fact ; 

 same as the abbreviation " test." 

 Sometimes abbreviated to fid. 



Filament: The stalk of a stamen, on 

 which is borne the pollen sac or 

 anther. 



Filiform: Threadlike; long, slender, 

 and cylindrical (terete). 



Fimbriate: Fringed. 



Fl. : Flora ; flower ( s ) , flowering. 



Flabellate or Flabellif orm : Fan 

 shaped. 



Flexuous: Bending gently in opposite 

 directions ; slightly zigzag or wavy. 



Floccose: Tufted woolly; with loose 

 tufts of woollike hairs. 



Flora: The vegetation of a given re- 

 gion, or a botanical manual treating 

 thereof. 



Floral: Of or pertaining to a flower, a 

 plant, or a flora. 



Floral envelope : The parts of a flower 

 surrounding or investing the essen- 

 tial reproductive organs (pistils and 

 stamens) ; the perianth. 



Floret: A diminutive flower, especially 

 the readily detachable flowers or' a 

 grass spikelet, consisting of the 

 lemma and its attendant palea, to- 

 gether with the essential floral or- 

 gans, the stamens and pistils. (Fig. 

 39, B, a, 6, c, d.) 



