12 MISC. PUBLIC ATION 16 2, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 



green, and red ashes; American, rock, and slippery elms; red and 

 silver maples; beech; piteh, shortleaf, and Virginia pines; yellow 

 poplar; syeamore; chestnut; black walnut; cottonwood; hackberry; 

 black cherry; basswood; buckeye; and red cedar. The species of the 

 southern portion include white, post, southern red, black jack, chest- 

 nut, swamp chestnut, and pin oaks ; red and black gums ; whiteheart, 

 pignut, and southern shagbark hickories; shortleaf and Virginia 

 pines ; white, blue, and red ashes ; yellow poplar ; black locust ; elms ; 

 syeamore; black walnut; silver and red maples; beech; buckeye; 

 dogwoocl; persimmon; cottonwoods and willows; red cedar; and 

 Osage orange. The Texas portion includes post, southern red, and 

 blackjack oaks; and mountain and other cedars. 



Figure 7. — A stand of mixed hardwoods in the hardwood región (Illinois). 



Southern Forest Región 



South of the hardwood región lies the southern forest, extend- 

 ing through all of the South Atlantic and Gulf States from 

 Eastern Texas to the southeast córner of Virginia, and including all of 

 Florida except the southern tip. It takes in the southern and eastern 

 parts of Arkansas and the extreme southeastern córner of Missouri. 

 It is composed mostly of pinelands and alluvial bottoms and swamps. 



Most important in the southern forest are its pinelands, where grow 

 the four pines for which the South is famous — longleaf, slash, short- 

 leaf, and loblolly (fig. 8). Lumber from these pines is all marketed 

 as southern yellow pine, which since the decline of the white pine 

 f orests of the North has been the mainstay of the eastern and central 

 lumber markets. The production of southern yellow pine, however, 

 has passed its peak, and is declining In addition to being valuable 



