If manure is accumulating rapidly and is piled compactly, you will 

 need to treat only the surface of the pile, as flies breed only in that part. 



Construct and Care for Stables Properly 



To aid in controlling flies on the farm, construct stable floors of 

 concrete if possible. Pack dirt floors down hard, and occasionally 

 remove the loosened manure-soaked surface dirt. Make plank floors 

 as tight as possible, and scatter a little borax along the cracks every 2 

 weeks. Clean floors of all types often. Keep the corners of feed 

 boxes and mangers clean, as flies often breed in such places. 



Dispose of Sewage and Garbage 



The danger of typhoid fever and other intestinal diseases can be 

 avoided by the proper disposal of human excreta. In large towns and 

 cities an adequate sanitary sewage system is generally provided, and 

 all the houses should be connected with it. In smaller towns and rural 

 communities sanitary privies, 1 from which flies are excluded, are a 

 necessity. Until open-box privies can be replaced, prevent fly breed- 

 ing in them by scattering over the excreta every 3 or 4 days enough 

 borax to make a white covering. 



Kill Flies With Sprays 



Despite every effort to prevent their breeding, some flies will de- 

 velop, especially on farms. To kill these flies, apply sprays in 

 places where they gather and rest — in barns or around houses and 

 where they get into houses or public buildings. Two types of fly 

 sprays are used. Space sprays give quick knock-down of flies and are 

 useful for obtaining immediate results. Residual sprays kill more 

 slowly but leave a deposit that will be effective for a long time. 



Because insecticides are sold in various forms and with different 

 proportions of the active ingredient, it is important to read labels 

 carefully and mix or apply according to directions. 



Precautions 



Do not spray oil solutions near fires. 



Avoid unnecessary or prolonged exposure of the skin to insecticides. 

 Avoid breathing large amounts of the mist over an extended period. 

 Do not contaminate foods, dishes, or utensils with insecticides. 



Space Sprays and Aerosols 



Flies on the wing can be killed with space sprays — insecticides 

 atomized into the air to form a floating mist of particles. Space 

 sprays are most effective indoors. Fill the air with the mist and keep 

 the room closed for half an hour. Use a good hand or electric sprayer. 



For several years most fly sprays have consisted of pyrethrum ex- 

 tract dissolved in deodorized kerosene. These sprays are satisfactory 



1 Methods of constructing such privies and modern sewage-disposal systems are 

 described in Farmers' Bulletin 1950, Sewage and Garbage Disposal on the Farm. 



