ATLAS OF UNITED STATES TREES 

 VOLUME 5. FLORIDA 



INTRODUCTION 



This is the fifth volume of an Atlas with large maps showing the 

 natural distribution or range of the native tree species of the con- 

 tinental United States. In these five volumes, maps of nearly all 

 native tree species of the continental United States have been pub- 

 lished. The sixth, a supplement, will contain an index and small 

 maps of the remaining genus of hawthorns (Crataegus). 



Florida merits a separate volume because it has more native 

 tree species than any other State (except Hawaii!, and because it 

 has a large number of tropical species found in no other State. 

 These trees of mostly limited range can be shown better on large- 

 scale maps. "Atlas of United States Trees, Volume 1, Conifers 

 and Important Hardwoods" (Little 1971 1 I has an introduction to 

 the series, which may be condensed and adapted here. 



Maps demonstrate clearly, graphically, and better than written 

 summaries where the trees grow wild and have many obvious uses. 

 Assembled in atlas form for ready reference, these distribution 

 maps are available to foresters, botanists, and all others interested 

 in trees for use without restriction, since U.S. Government pub- 

 lications are not copyrighted. 



The native tree species are not distributed across the United 

 States at random, nor are they dispersed equally by States. Some 

 tend to occur, however, in similar patterns related to climate and 

 other factors. All volumes except the first are limited and arranged 

 geographically. 



Contents of Volumes 1—4 are indicated by their titles. However, 

 distribution of Florida trees merits an explanation. Volume 1 con- 

 tains maps of 201 native tree species — all the native conifers or 

 softwoods (including the needleleaf and cone-bearing evergreens) 

 and the important hardwoods. Coverage is partly botanical and 

 partly practical. Nearly all trees now important commercially for 

 lumber are represented. Sixty-eight species — all 13 native conifers 

 of Florida- — and 55 species of hardwoods — are mapped. 



Florida is outside the geographical coverage of "Volume 2, 

 Alaska Trees and Common Shrubs" ( Viereck and Little 1975 I , and 

 "Volume 3, Minor Western Hardwoods" (Little 1976). 



"Volume 4, Minor Eastern Hardwoods" (Little 1977) contains 

 maps of 166 tree species native in the eastern contiguous United 

 States not in Volume 1. For Florida, 91 species are mapped, but 

 the tropical trees confined to South Florida are omitted. Also, the 

 genus of hawthorns (Crataegus) has been left out because of 

 taxonomic difficulties. 



"Volume 5, Florida" has maps of 262 species on 126 pages, all 



1 Names and dates in parentheses refer to Selected References, p. 20. 



the native hardwoods except the genus of hawthorns (Crataegus). 

 There are large maps for 98 species of tropical hardwoods con- 

 fined mostly to the southern part (6 also in other States). This 

 volume repeats the Florida portions (a few slightly revised) of 

 170 species from Volumes 1, 3, and 4 (mostly 6 to a page) . Thus, 

 all maps for this State have been assembled together. However, 

 Volumes 1 and 4 will be useful to show the entire distribution of 

 the same species in other States or beyond. 



"Volume 6, Supplement" will have an index to all maps and also 

 maps of hawthorns (Crataegus) . Occurrence merely by States will 

 be shown for 35 species (10 in Florida I . Text ranges omitted from 

 Volumes 1 and 3 will be added. 



The native tropical trees of Hawaii and the Commonwealth of 

 Puerto Rico are best treated separately. Maps of 100 species in 

 Puerto Rico based on a forest survey were published in "Common 

 Trees of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands" (Little and Wads- 

 worth 1964) . 



HISTORY OF TREE DISTRIBUTION MAPS 



The history of tree distribution maps in the United States has 

 been reported in Volume 1, while early work by the Forest Service 

 has been reviewed by Little (1951). George B. Sudworth, first 

 dendrologist, began work with the Division (later Bureau) of 

 Forestry in 1886. Tree ranges were summarized in the two editions 

 of his "Check List of Forest Trees of the United States, Their 

 Names and Ranges" (Sudworth 1898, 1927) . 



Soon after establishment of the Forest Service in the United 

 States Department of Agriculture in 1905, Sudworth undertook 

 a project of preparing a distribution map for each native tree 

 species of North America, exclusive of those occurring wholly in 

 Mexico and minor tropical trees of southern Florida. Publication 

 of these maps was begun under the title. "Forest Atlas — Geographic 

 Distribution of North American Trees." Only "Part I — Pines" 

 (Sudworth 1913) ever appeared. 



Some years later, Munns (1938) published distribution maps of 

 170 important forest tree species of the United States. With minor 

 additions, the maps were based very largely upon data by Sud- 

 worth, who died in 1927. 



Besides "Volume 2, Alaska Trees and Common Shrubs." other 

 Forest Service publications have been devoted to maps of the trees 

 of a single State. In 1941-50, the Forest Survey published dis- 

 tribution maps of commercial forest trees in four Southeastern 

 States: Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. 

 "The Distribution of Forest Trees in California," by James R. 

 Griffin and William B. Critchfield (19721. has detailed maps of 

 86 species of that State. 



