Coast from se. Mex. (Yuc.) to Colombia and Brazil. Also in Old 

 World tropics and Pacific is. 



247. Swietenia mahagoni (L.I Jacq., West Indies mahogany. 

 Rare in extreme s. Fla. incl. Upper Fla. Keys and s. border of 

 mainland (s. Dade and s. Monroe Cos.), extinct northward. Ba- 

 hamas. Cuba, and Hispaniola. Introduced in Hawaii, P.R. and 

 V.I. Cultivated and naturalized elsewhere in tropical regions. 

 Atlas vol. 1. map 192-E. 



248. Tetrazygia bicolor (Mill.) Cogn., Florida tetrazygia. Local 

 in s. Fla. (s. Dade Co. I incl. Key Largo. Also Bahamas, Cuba, 

 and Hispaniola. 



249. Thrinax morrisii H. Wendl., key thatchpalm. Through 

 Florida Keys sw. to Marquesas Key. S. Fla. mainland n. on e. 

 coast to Broward Co. Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola, P.R.. Anegada, 

 Anguilla. and Barbuda. Reported from se. Mex. (Yuc.) and Belize. 



250. Thrinax radiata Lodd. ex J. A. & J. H. Schult., Florida 

 thatchpalm. Nearly through Fla. Keys and s. border of s. Fla. 

 mainland (Dade and Monroe Cos.), formerly nw. to Cape Ro- 

 mano, Collier Co. (extinct). Also Bahamas (N. Cat Cay), Cuba, 

 Jamaica, and Hispaniola. Se. Mex. (Yuc.) and Belize. 



251. Trema lamarckiana (Roem. & Schult.) Blume, West Indies 

 trema. Local in Upper Fla. Keys (Key Largo to Key Biscay ne) 

 and adjacent s. Fla. mainland (se. Dade Co.). Bermuda and from 

 Bahamas through West Indies incl. P. R. to St. Vincent. 



252. Trema micrantha (L.) Blume, Florida trema. S. Fla. 

 incl. Fla. Keys, n. to s. Palm Beach, Hendry, and Collier Cos., 

 n. locally on w. coast to Pinellas Co. Greater Antilles incl. P.R. 

 and V.I. and Lesser Antilles. Also from c. Mex. (Ver. to Sin.) s. 

 to Brazil and Argentina. 



253. Ximenia americana L., tallowwood. N. to s. Fla. incl. Fla. 

 Keys, mostly near shores. Widely distributed on shores of tropical 

 and subtropical regions and inland in both New and Old Worlds. 

 From Bahamas through West Indies incl. P.R. and St. Thomas. 

 Also from c. Mex. (Ver. and Col., s.) s. to Brazil, Argentina, and 

 Bolivia. Africa, Asia, Australia, and islands of Pacific Ocean. 



254. Zanthxylum coriaceum A. Rich., Biscayne prickly-ash. 

 Rare along e. coast of s. Fla. (Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach 

 Cos.) and Key Biscayne. Also Bahamas, Cuba, Grand Cayman, 

 and Hispaniola. 



255. Zanthoxylum fagara (L.) Sarg., lime prickly-ash. C. and 

 s. Fla. incl. Fla. Keys (n. to Volusia and Citrus Cos.) and se., s., 

 and sw. Tex. (n. near coast to Jackson and Matagorda Cos.). 

 Also West Indies in Bahamas, Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Marti- 

 nique, and Trinidad. From n. Mex. (Tamps, to Coah., s. Son., 

 and s. B. Cal. Sur, s. ) to Ecuador incl. Galapagos Is. and Peru. 

 Atlas vol. 4, map 164-N, 164-SE. 



256. Zanthoxylum flavum Vahl, West Indies satinwood. Very 

 rare on Lower Fla. Keys (extinct at Key West and perhaps other 

 keys), not on s. Fla. mainland. Bermuda and from Bahamas 

 through West Indies incl. P.R. to St. Lucia. 



NOTES ON RANGES 



Some observations on tree distribution may be noted from the 

 maps of the 262 species in this volume. However, analyses of the 

 ranges are outside the scope of the Atlas. An attempt has been 

 made to record where each species grows naturally now, not to ex- 

 plain or speculate how and why. Many tree species of Florida 

 have extensive ranges beyond the State. 



Very few tree species native in Florida have broad east-west dis- 

 tribution nearly across the continental United States and can be 

 classed as transcontinental. Others of more northern range have 

 been noted in previous volumes. Six Florida species are: 



Acer negundo, boxelder 



Cephalanthus occidentalis, buttonbush 



Ptelea trifoliata, common hoptree (variety to Arizona) 



Prunus serotina, black cherry (varieties to Arizona, Mexico, and 

 Guatemala) 



Rhus glabra, smooth sumac 



Salix nigra, black willow 



Some tree species of Florida have a great north-south range 

 northward into the Northeastern States or even to Canada. Several 

 of these range southward to the Everglades of South Florida, where 

 they meet tropical species. Red maple, Acer rubrum, has the 

 greatest continuous range along the Atlantic coast, from Dade and 

 Monroe Counties in the Everglades north to Maine, Nova Scotia, 

 Cape Breton Island. Gaspe, and beyond in Newfoundland. The 

 north-south extent is more than 23 degrees of latitude, a distance 

 of about 1,600 miles (2,575 km) . 



American elm, Ulrnus americana, has an expanse along the coast 

 almost as great, from Lake Okeechobee to Cape Breton Island and 

 Gaspe. about 22 degrees of latitude. The northern limit in Mani- 

 toba and Saskatchewan is even farther, more than 26 degrees, 

 about 1,770 miles (2,850 km) . 



These seven species range from Canada to South Florida: 



Acer rubrum, red maple 



Cephalanthus occidentalis, buttonbush (also to Honduras) 



Morus rubra, red mulberry 



l\yssa sylvatica, black tupelo, blackgum (also in Mexico) 



Rhus copallina, shining sumac 



Sambucus canadensis. American elder 



Ulmus americana, American elm 



Several temperate tree species of Florida reappear in mountains 

 of Mexico or also Central America, sometimes as a different va- 

 riety. Their discontinuous north-south range may exceed 25 to 30 

 degrees of latitude. Ostrya virginiana, eastern hophornbeam, has 

 an expanse of more than 36 degrees of latitude, about 2,450 miles 

 (3,950 km) . Nine examples, some of which were noted in previous 

 volumes, are: 



Carpinus caroliniana, American hornbeam 



Cephalanthus occidentalis, buttonbush 



Cornus florida, flowering dogwood 



Fagus grandifolia, American beech 



Liquidambar styraciflua, sweetgum 



Nyssa sylvatica, black tupelo, blackgum 



Ostrya virginiana, eastern hophornbeam 



Platanus occidentalis, sycamore 



Prunus serotina, black cherry 



Many tree species have a broad distribution in the eastern half 

 of the continental United States. Some have the familiar range 

 from New England to Minnesota, south to Texas and Florida. 

 These northern trees generally reach their southern limits in north- 

 western or northern Florida. Some are often regarded as northern 

 hardwoods, for example, American beech. Fagus grandifolia, and 

 white oak, Quercus alba. The following list of 33 species ranging 

 from New England or Canada south to northern Florida includes 

 2 conifers: 



Acer saccharinum, silver maple 



Alnus serrulata, hazel alder 



15 



