Chemical Preparations and Drugs. 59 



Astonishing success has been obtained by F. M. Groedel 1 ) with camphor in various 

 pure and combined nervous disturbances of the circulation. He found it advantageous 

 to inject subcutaneouly at first 0.5 to 2, even up to 4 cc. of a 20 per cent, solution 

 daily, and later on to apply 0.1 to 0.2 g. taken internally. Very large doses of camphor 

 might cause convulsions, but they would be harmless in the opinion of the author. 



In the place of the 20 per cent, oil of camphor Leo 2 ) recommends the 0.142 per cent, 

 solution of camphor free of alcohol in Ringer's solution. This camphor water was 

 intravenously injected in order to stimulate breathing and the action of the heart. 



In grave cases of bleeding from the lungs E. Boit 3 ) injected up to 10 cc. of a 

 10 per cent, oil of camphor subcutaneously; he found that single maximum doses of 

 2 g. of camphor and maximum daily doses of 4 g. could be borne without detriment. 



Feer 4 ) has likewise applied large doses of camphor in cases of influenza-pneumonia. 



In cases of infections broncho-pneumonia of horses N. Hillerbrand 5 ) injected two or 

 three times daily 200 cc. of camphor-water intravenously. The fever disappeared then, 

 and the disease proved curable. 



By comparative experiments with d- t 1-, and i-camphor Joachimoglu 6 ) came to the 

 conclusion that the three kinds of camphor are pharmacologically equivalent. 



In cases of heart weakness, up to ten grains (about 0.6 g.) of camphor may 

 according to an English report be injected at the time, dissolved in oil. Such doses 

 are painful but very effective 7 ). 



* By experimenting with isolated, surviving hearts of rats A. Frohlich and L. Pollak 8 ) 

 studied the action, so far not fully explained, which camphor has on the hearts of 

 warm-blooded animals. According to these researches camphor favourably influences 

 the action of hearts weakened by the lowering of temperature, by electric shock, 

 poisoning with phosphorus, and with preparations of digitalis, yohimbin or chloroform. 

 In these cases the peripheral vagus stimulations were absent; they observed, moreover, 

 an increasing frequency and sometimes also a regularisation. When, however, the coronary 

 circulation was impaired, the favourable influence of camphor upon the action of the heart 

 frequently failed likewise. When the circulation with a liquid containing camphor was 

 replaced by one without camphor, the pathological action of the heart again made its 

 appearance. The clinical observations corresponded to the pharmacological results. 



When camphor was combined with remedies expanding the vessels like coffeine 

 and papaverine the favourable action upon the heart was intensified. These experiments 

 thus demonstrate that the combination of the coffeine and camphor-therapy, which is 

 frequently applied in practice, is quite justified. 



Cinnamein. — A so-called artificial cinnamein had been submitted to us for detailed 

 examination because it did not admit of preparing a concentrated solution of artificial 

 musk, such as the natural product will yield. The analyses made in our laboratory 



a ) Therapie der Geyenwart No. 4 (1917), 120. — 2 ) Deutsche med. Wochenschr. No. 11 (1918), 285. — 

 *) Beitrdge zur Klinik der Tuberkulose 37 (1917), No. 1 to 2. — *) Korrespondenzblatt f. Schweizer Arzte No. 48 

 (1918). — 5 ) Mnnchener tierarztl. Wochenschr. No. 35 (1917). — 8 ) Arch. f. exp. Pharm. u. Path. 80 (1917), 

 259; 282. All these references (2 to 9) are abstracted from E. Merck's Jahresbericht 31 to 32 (1917 to 1918), 

 214 to 217. — *) Brit. Medical Journ. 1920, 828. From Chem. Zentralbl. 1920, III. 393. — 8 ) Arch. f. exp. 

 Pharm. u . Path. 86 (1920), 104. From Chem. Zentralbl. 1920, III. 260. 



