26 Report of Schimmel § Co. 1921. 



«Di50— 17°52'; (3) 170 to 175°, 2 g., cgO.8530; « D15 o — 15°; residue 5 g. The first 

 two fractions contained Z-a-pinene and probably nopinene. On the oxidation of the last 

 fraction the smell of citral became distinctly noticeable; geraniol was therefore present. 



Jasmine Oil. — The yield of jasmine oil is known to be greater with the enfleurage 

 method than with extraction by volatile solvents 1 ). A. Hesse, and later Charabot and 

 Gatin, have explained this fact by the assumption that the plant contains a glucoside, 

 the decomposition of which continually liberates fresh portions of the essential oil 

 during the enfleurage. This assumption is supported by the experiments of J. Niviere 2 ). 

 When jasmine flowers are treated with acids or enzymes before extraction by means 

 of solvents, the yield of essential oil realised is increased. The essential oil thus 

 obtained differs slightly from the product gained from flowers which had not been 

 treated previously. 



Juniper Berry Oil. — As regards Spanish juniper berry oil see page 81 of this Report. 



Oil from the Wood of Juniperus Oxycedrus.— By treating the oil of Juniperus 



oocycedrus, L. with the respective halogen hydrides, R. Huerre 3 ) obtained the dihydro- 

 chloride and the corresponding dibromo- and diiodo-compounds of cadinene. 



The bodies obtained were identical with those which Wallach 4 ) had prepared from 

 cadinenes of various origins. From the quantity of the diiodo-product obtained the 

 author calculated an average cadinene content of the oil of 21.11 percent, maximum 

 30.59 per cent. 



Oil from the Berries of Juniperus phoenicea. — E. Puxeddu and F. Vodret 5 ) have 

 examined the little-studied 6 ) oil of Juniperus phoenicea. From the apparent fruit, still 

 green, which had been collected in December on the south coast of Sardinia they obtained 

 by steam distillation 1.60 to 2.25 per cent, and 2.48 to 2.50 per cent, of an essential oil, 

 according as they distilled the berries directly or after maceration with water. The 

 colourless, clear oil, wich turned rather yellow in the light, had an agreeable aromatic 

 odour reminding of oil of turpentine when rubbed on the hands; it tasted like camphor 

 and had the following constants: — di 50 0.8658; [«] D -(-16.84°; n D20 ol.4675; insoluble in 

 80 per cent, alcohol, soluble in 16 vol. 90 per cent, alcohol at 27°; acid v. 2.49; ester v. 12.01; 

 sap. v. 14 to 15; ester v. after acet. 35; total alcohol (calculated as Ci Hi 8 O) 20.9 per cent; 

 iodine value (Huerre) 7 ) 285.53; bromine value 264.55. 



The distillation at reduced pressure (70 mm.) yielded the fractions:—!. 120 to 122°, 



27 per cent; 2. 122°, 30.5 per cent; 3. 123 to 131°, 11 per cent; 4. 132 to 157°, 4.4 per cent; 

 5. 158 to 198°, 11.3 per cent. Fractions 1, 2, 3, redistilled together at 30 mm., gave frac- 

 tions 75 to 80° and 81 to 92°. The fraction 75 to 80° was by further distillation separated 

 into three fractions:— 74° (d 25 o 0.8543; [«] D + 23.94°; n D 1.4644); 75°, and 76 to 80°. 



Ladanum (Labdanum) Oil. — The distillation of a resin from Cistus ladaniferus. L., 

 coming from the Esterel mountains, Southern France, gave, according to Roure- 

 Bertrand Fils 8 ), 0.06 per cent, of a golden-yellow essential oil of not unpleasant odour 



2 ) Gildemeister and Hoffmann, The Volatile Oils, 2 nd ed., vol. I., p. 264. — 2 ) Bull. Soc. chim. IV. 2< 

 (1920), 862. — 3 ) Joicrn. de Pharm. et Chim. VII 23 (1921), 81. — 4 ) Liebig's Annalen 252 (1889), 150, 151. 

 — 5 ) Cf. Report April 1913, 69; Report April 1914, 66. — 6 ) G-azz. chim. ital. 50 (1920), II. 245. - 

 ■) Jnurn. de Pharm. et Chim. 19 (1919), 216. — 8 ) Bull. Roure-Bertrand Fils, October 1920, 3. 



