86 Report of Schimmel § Co. 1921. 



leave much margin for of a clear profit. The cultivation requires much expensive 

 manual labour, and the ginger plants exhaust the soil, so that repeated cultivation of 

 the same ground is only possible with the aid of good manuring. 



According to G. B. Roncagliolo 1 ) the chances of a Italian floral perfumery industry 

 are very favourable, though the industry has not yet received there the same attention 

 as in other countries. For the purpose of promoting the perfumery industry the Italian 

 Government, he states, issued in 1918 and 1919 decrees which exempt the horticulturists 

 and distillers of essences for a long time from any taxes. As a matter of fact a number 

 of companies have been founded within a short period of time for the production of 

 odoriferous substances and for the preparation and the trade in perfumes. The nursery- 

 men have likewise enlarged their concerns, and especially in the coastal districts of 

 Western Liguria, in Ventimiglia, Bordighera, Ospedaletto, San Remo and Taggia, the 

 cultivation of roses and of violets has much increased. Although the roses were 

 exported to France in weights of nearly half a million kg., the plant is also worked 

 up in Italy itself (Milan) in considerable quantities and converted into a relatively 

 inexpensive perfume. The peppermint which is cultivated in Pancalieri, San Antonio 

 di Succi, Azeglio (Ivrea), Fenestrella (Pinerolo) and Affori (Milan) 2 ) yielded an oil 

 which was considered unsurpassed 3 ) in finesse and quality. In the year 1913 pepper- 

 mint oil to the value of one million lire was said to have been exported, and more 

 than 30000 kg. of this oil to have been distilled near Pancalieri in 1914. The export 

 of orris roots 4 ), of which some 200000 kg. were gained in Italy per year, was also 

 called important. 



Under the name of "Essenflour Products Limited", an undertaking has been started 

 in Mysore, India, with a. -capital of 200000 rupees, for the purpose of producing oils 

 of cinnamon leaves, cloves, coriander, dill, ginger, gingergrass, palmarosa, vetiver 

 and musk grain 5 ). The raw materials are found in Mysore and neighbourhood. Further 

 perfumes like eugenol and geraniol are being produced. The erection of similar works 

 for essential oils is contemplated also in Madras. 



The Government of the United Provinces, India, announces that the industry of 

 essential oils, the centre of which is at Kanauj, has done well in the last year. Attempts 

 to distil oil of roses by means of new methods were not very successful. It is believed, 

 however, that something will be attained by improving the quality of the flowers. 



By means of a good distillation apparatus 4.5 per cent, of an oil of a high eugenol 

 contents has been prepared from clove stems 6 ). . If a cheap raw material should become 

 available, from Africa or some other country, the distillation of this oil was likewise 

 to be taken up. 



In a second article 7 ) on "Diifte im Miner air eich" (Odours in the Mineral Kingdom) 

 H. Heller s ) discusses a paper by Brandt 9 ), who likewise attempts to explain the smell 

 phenomena in minerals and who has arrived at the same conclusions as Heller. 



H. Schelenz 10 ) also discusses the same subject and finds the answer to the question 

 why minerals do not smell, in the thesis: — "Corpora non agunt nisi soluta". Smelling 





^'Deutsche Parf. Ztg. 6 (1920), 244; translation from L"Esportatore ed Importatore Italiano. Cf. Perfum. 

 Record 11 (1920), 354. — 2 ) See also p. 32 of this Eeport. — 3 ) Cf. Report November 1908, 100. — 4 ) The 

 translation speaks of Siegwurz, the rhizome of which is not utilised industrially. — B ) Perfum. Record 11 (1920), 

 358, 386; also Chemist and Druggist 93 (1920), 1435. — 6 ) Clove stems, which were distilled already about 

 the middle of the XVI th century, yield in general 5 to 6 per cent, of essential oil. — 7 ) Cf. Report 1920, 88. — 

 8) Deutsche Parf. ^.6(1920), 245. — 9 ) Die Xaturuissenschaften 8 (1920), 689. — ™) Deutsche Parf. Ztg. 6(1920), 211. 



