62 Report of Schimmel § Co. 1922. 



main Balkans in the north is about 5600 feet, while the average height of the Little 

 Balkans is about 3700 feet. There are over 180 communities or villages with more than 

 21 000 small proprietors of rose gardens owning on an average about one acre each. Only 

 about half of the 14000 small native stills, existing in the country, are still in use, for 

 during the last years before the great war, 12 modern distilling plants have been built. 



Whereas this industry had developed steadily up to the Balkan war in 1912, it 

 decreased continuously from that time. The consequences of the hard years of war 

 are still felt and other agricultural products have taken the place of the roses, although 

 the demand for otto of roses has trebled of late. From 1889 to 1912 the area planted with 

 roses increased from 7500 to 30000 acres, yielding on an average up to 27000000 lbs. of 

 roses, from which 3600 to 4000 kilos of rose oil were obtained.' The record crops of 1900 and 

 1907 yielded even 30000000 lbs. of flowers each, or about 175000 ounces of otto of roses. 



The present area cultivated with roses will hardly exceed 14000 acres and the yield 

 of oil has also gone down, as the rose gardens have been neglected and not sufficiently 

 manured. The quantity of oil produced went down from 4000 kilos in 1912 to 2410 kilos in 

 1917, 1840 in 1918, 1600 in 1919, 1200 in 1920 1 ) and for 1921 only 1000 kilos are expected. 



Prior to the war, the exports were as follows: — 



Destination 1900 1906 1911 



France 1548 kilos 2607 kilos 1483 kilos 



United States ... 849 „ 1524 „ 525 „ 



Germany. . . . . 568 „ 1113 „ 1595 „ 



Great Britain ... 1175 „ 1074 „ 572 „ 



Russia 202 „ 278 „ 158 „ 



During the war, nothing was exported to the United States, France, England and 

 Russia, whereas Germany imported annually 1700 kilos, Switzerland about 600 kilos, 

 Austria about 200 kilos, together with Holland. Since the war is over, the American 

 market has been the most important by far. In 1919, 3500 kilos were exported to the 

 United States, 900 kilos to France and 400 kilos to England 2 ). The exports to Germany 

 are supposed to have risen considerably in 1920. 



Rosemary Oil. — On Spanish oil of rosemary, see page 106 of this Beport. 



Sandalwood Oil, East Indian. — The Department of Statistics in India publishes 

 the following statement showing the exports of sandalwood oil 3 ): — 



January 1921 Ten months, April 1920 to January 1921. 



Countries of final destination Quantity Value Quantity Value 



Great Britain 6237 lbs. 155925 Rs. 109652 lbs. 2745600 Rs. 



France . 2930 „ 69000 „ 5030 „ 125000 „• 



Straits Settlements . . , — — 190 „ 2300 „ 



Ceylon — — 4 „ 275 „ 



Hong Kong 720 „ 4320 „ 1290 „ 8880 „ 



Asiatic Turkey .... — — — 15 „ 



Java — — 980 „ 20300 „ 



Portuguese East Africa . — — 2 „ 40 „ 



Egypt — — H90 „ 32825 „ 



Australia . — — 100 „ 2150 „ 



Total 9887 lbs. 229245 Rs. 118438 lbs. 2937385 Rs. 



2 ) It is stated officially that the 1920 crop yielded only 900 kilos, comp. Bericht (German) 1921, 39. — 

 *) These figures, compared with those given for the actual production of rose oil, confirm the well-known fact that 

 Bulgarian Otto of Roses is exported only with the usual addition of palmarosa oil. — 2 ) Perfum. Record 12 {\92\), 180.' 



