6 James A. Grieg. 
ce 
in 275—375 m, temp. — 1.2° to — 1.5° C (22, p. V, VI). 
Leche (13, p. 38) records it from the Kara Sea and from 
the western part of the Siberian Polar Sea, where the bottom 
temperature according to Stuxberg (18, p. 682 & 796, 
19, p. 11 & 131) is — 1.7 C. Herzenstein G, p. 682)eand 
Knipovitsch (11) record the species from the White Sea 
and from the Murman coast, 18—183 m, where it only, 
according to Knipovitsch (10, p. 298 & 309) eccurs within 
the cold area (temperatures — 0.4° to — 1.4° C). Norman 
(14, p. 356) obtained it in the Varanger fiord, in 183—228 m. 
The typical Alvania jan-mayent is accordingly limited to the 
lesser depths of the Norwegian and Polar Seas, i. e. 18 to 
430 m, and seems to prefer the cold area (bottom tempera- 
tures + 2.6° to — 1.7° C).') Its occurrence in the Varanger 
fiord shows, however, that it may intrude somewhat into the 
warm area. 
In contradistinction to the Alvania jan-mayeni of the 
Norwegian and Polar Seas the North American form from the 
coast of New England is an outspoken deep- and warm-water 
form. Verrill gives its bathymetrical distribution as 238 to 
1290 fms. (485 to 2361 m) while Dall records it from 100 
to 500 fms. (183 to 915 m). The finds during 1880 were 
made in 238 to 500 fms. (435 to 915 m), in bottom tempera- 
tures of 40° to 43° F (4.44° to 6.11° C). In 1881 the species 
was taken in depths of 255 to 410 fms. (467 to 750 m) 
with bottom temperatures of 40 to 47 F (4.44° to 8.33" C). 
The station list from the cruise of the ”Albatross" in 1883 
shows for greater depths than 500 fms. a bottom temperature 
of 38° to 40° F (8.33° to 4.44° C). The temperature found 
by the ,Michael Sars“ at st. 70 was 3.7 C. Thus Alvania 
jan-mayeni of the Norwegian and Polar Seas has been found 
in temperatures below 3° C only, and the North American 
form only in temperatures above that figure.”) 
1) Temperature observations are given for 26 stations. 14 of these 
were made in temperatures below 0°. ; 
2) Concluding from localities with trustworthy temperature obser- 
vations there seems to be a gap of about one degree (C) between the 
upper temperature limit of one form (2.6° C) and the lower limit of the 
other (3.7° C). 
