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COMMERCIAL NOTES AND SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION. - 49 
117 to 118°), showed it to be identical with the last-named body. When treated with 
sodium acetate in a glacial acetic acid solution the hydrochloride yielded a cadinene 
possessing the following properties: b. p. 273 to 275°, dis0 0,9229, [«]p — 116,73°, 
Np»o 1,50651; when treated with hydrochloric acid gas cadinene hydrochloride, m. p. 118, 
was again formed. 
The liquid chlorides freed by suction from the cadinene hydrochloride of fraction 1 
were examined for the presence of other chlorides. As they could not be distilled 
in vacuo they were boiled with their own weight of sodium acetate in glacial acetic 
acid solution, for the purpose of eliminating the hydrochloric acid, and the resulting 
oil was fractionated 7m vacuo. Of three equal fractions thus obtained: — 
a) 111 to 121° (7 mm.), b) 121 to 130°, c) 130 to 135°. 
b) and c) afforded copious proportions of cadinene hydrochloride m. p. 117, 5 and 118°, 
only fraction a) failed to yield a solid product. The liquid chlorides of fraction 1 
therefore behaved for the major part exactly like the solid chloride, and must therefore 
have consisted likewise in the main of cadinene hydrochloride. 
The investigation showed that the first runnings of African copaiba balsam oil 
contain a lzvorotatory sesquiterpene, which, although differs materially from cadinene 
in regard to its physical properties: — 
b. p. diso [|p Np200 
Sesquiterpene . 246 to 251° 0,9077 == IC 21K 1,48943, 
Sraimene te. t2h1 34, 2i3° 0,9215 — 105° 30’ 1,50647, 
yet affords cadinene hydrochloride. It is probably closely related to cadinene. 
. So far, three sesquiterpenes are known which, when treated with hydrochloric 
acid gas, afford lzavorotatory cadinene hydrochloride; namely: — 
1. /-cadinene proper. 
2. The d-sesquiterpene of West Indian sandalwood oil and of African copaiba 
balsam oil. 
3. The /-sesquiterpene, b. p. 246 to 251°, of African copaiba balsam oil. 
For the following reasons this result is of general interest: In by far the great 
majority of instances the identification of cadinene in essential oils has not been 
achieved by isolating the body as such, but by preparing its hydrochloride from fractions 
of which the b. p. usually lay between 250 and 270°, or frequently “from the sesqui- 
terpene fraction”. It is therefore not impossible that in many cases cadinene has been 
assumed to be a constituent of essential oils which possibly contained another sesqui- 
terpene which also afforded cadinene hydrochloride. Hence, the isolation of cadinene 
hydrochloride by itself can no longer be regarded as proof of the presence of cadinene. 
Coriander Oil. Business has been very slow and the experience of the past 
year confirms the fact that the consumption of this article, formerly so important, 
has fallen off greatly. Large quantities still remain unsold, not only in the second 
hand, but also in Russia, and the market must be described as flat. Of course, if 
the crop this year were a failure the situation would be changed at one stroke. 
Our recently-introduced terpeneless coriander oil has found favour everywhere, its 
exceptional solubility constituting an advantage which makes it indispensable to most 
liqueur-manufacturers who have tried it. 
1) Gildemeister and Hoffmann, Tie Volatile Oils, 24 Ed. Vol. I, p. 329. 
