£2 REPORT OF SCHIMMEL 8 Co. OcroBER 1914) APRIL 1915, 
The oil from the wood shows utterly different properties about which A. W. _ Schone , 
has published a report. This oil possesses a strong and pleasant odour, but appears to irri- 
tate the kidneys, for which reason the saw-mills cannot cut the wood uninterruptedly — 
for any length of time, lest the workmen should become affected by the oil vapours. 
The oil examined by Schorger had been distilled 4 years previously from selected, 
very resinous pieces of wood. It had been obtained by steam distillation, the yield 
being about 10 p.c. and at the time of distillation the constants were as follows: 
diso 0,891; npis0 1,477; it had the above-mentioned physiological effect. A red residue 
was left in«the still. After 4 years the constants were as follows: djs0 0,9061; 
Np:0 1,4806. Schorger shook the oil with a soda solution and distilled it with steam — 
over soda, in which process 16,4 p.c. by volume were left in the residue. The oil — 
thus obtained did not seem to affect the kidneys any longer, neither did it leave a 
red distillation residue. The rectified oil had the following properties: diso 0,8905; 
Apes0 + 39,6°; Npiso 1,4758; acid v. 0,3; ester v. 32,8; ester v. after acetylation 71,57. 
60,5 p.c. boiled from 155 to 157°, 3 p.c. from 157 to 170°, 4 p.c. fronmi#Osionreu 4 
20,5 p.c. from 100 to 130° (15 mm.), 7 p.c. from 130 to 160° (15 mm.) and 1 p.c. from 
160 to 190° (15 mm). When distilled under ordinary pressure, the oil begins to decom- 
pose at 180°. The presence of the following constituents has been proved: 60 to 61 p.c. 
d-a-pinene ([@]p + 51,52°, the highest rotation observed in pinene so far). The pinene 
was oxidized to d-pinonic acid of the m. p. 68 to 69°; [a], -+92,69°; semicarbazone 
of pinonic acid, m.p. 203 to 205°. The oil also contained 6 to 7 p.c. of dipentene 
(tetrabromide, m. p. 124°), 11 p.c. of free /-borneol (constants; oxidation to camphor), 
6 to 7 p.c. of cadinene (dihydrochloride, m. p. 117 to 118°), free formic and acetic 
acids (silver salts) and combined formic and caprinic acids (silver salts). Borneol is 
probably present in the oil, esterified with formic, acetic and caprinic acids. In the 
resinified oil free formic, acetic and caprinic acids are present. 
Cinnamon Oil. H. A. Phillips*) has examined the stability of free cinnamic 
aldehyde, as well as of the aldehyde occurring in cinnamon oil. He allowed cinnamic 
aldehyde to stand in an uncovered dish in the air, and found that acidity increased 
about 1 p.c. per day; with cinnamon oil, however, the increase only amounted to about 
Ol poe..per day. 
Cinnamic aldehyde, containing 98,5 p.c. of aldehyde (after Hanus’ method) and — 
2,3 p.c. of acid, showed 97 p.c. of aldehyde and 3,3 p.c. of acid after distillation by 
steam. Cinnamon oil contained 86,5 p.c. of aldehyde and 2,3 p.c. of acid before 
distillation, and 85 p.c. aldehyde and 1,2 p.c. of acid after distillation. When distilling 
a mixture of cinnamic aldehyde or cinnamon oil with water, the distillation lasting from 
6 to 8 hours, it was found that practically no increase in the acid value had taken place. 
It is evident, from these experiments, that cinnamic aldehyde, upon distillation with — 
steam, as well as in the course of distillation of cinnamon oil, hardly oxidizes at all. 
In reference to the cinnamic aldehyde of cassia oil we observed a number of years 
ago*) that the other constituents present in this oil protect the aldehyde against oxidation. 
Citronella Oil. According to an English contemporary*) Java citronella oils of 
a fishy odour have been examined in England, and have been found to contain far 
1) Journ. Ind. Eng. Chemistry 6 (1914), 631. — %) Pharmaceutical Journ. 98 (1914), 129. — Chemist and 
Druggist 85 (1914), 172. — *%) Gildemeister and Hoffmann, The Volatile Oils, 2.4 ed., vol. II. — +) Perfum. 
Record 5 (1914), 276. 
