a ay dat. dab OO VC eee x 
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40 REPORT OF SCHIMMEL & Co. OCTOBER 1915. 
produced by means of dry distillation'). If this distillation is properly conducted and : 
if the construction of the plant, technically speaking, is adapted to the raw material, 
the oil obtained will suffice to the requirements of the industry as well as pharmacopoeias. 
It is admitted, however, that a thorough alteration in the production of ti oil 
would still have to be carried out in Russia. 
For the trade in Russian turpentine oil, the north-western region is important. 
There is no home industry there, and all the firms engaged in the manufacture are 
well founded. The obstacles in the way of the development of Russian turpentine oil. 
production are the small private distilling plants (home work) amounting to more than 
20000 plants which are mostly in the hands of merchants. 
A. Madinaveitia*) has oxidized rectified Spanish turpentine oil of the b. p. 155 to 
156° with permanganate after the directions of Wallach. The volatile parts having 
been eliminated by distillation with steam, oxalic acid and 1.5 p.c. of sodium nopinate 
were obtained from the aqueous solution. As Wallach speaks of a yield of 5p.c., 
Madinaveitia presumes that Spanish turpentine oil contains less 8-pinene than French 
or American oil. 
— rr SCO 
Concerning the desinfecting properties of turpentine oil, see page 71 of this Report. 
The use of pinene ozonide in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis is discussed 
on page 71 of this Report. 3 
Vetiver Oil. From various samples of Indian vetiver root, Puran Singh*) obtained 
from 0.37 to 1.14 p.c. of oil. According to his indications, roots of good condition 
and quality should yield from 0.7 to 1 p.c. of oil. Lower yields point to bad quality 
of the raw material. The best time for collecting the roots is towards the end of 
January; during the rainy season the roots contain but little oil. 
In the oil rectified by steam distillation, the author found the following constants: 
diso 1.011; 4%) — 30.65°; np»o 1.5165; acid v. 10.5; ester v. 69.6; sap. v. after acet. 132.8; 
soluble in 80 p.c. alcohol. The resin left in the flask had the following properties: 
dso0 1.132; a) + 488.04°; acid v. 46.92; ester v. 64.28. 
So far dextro-rotation had always been observed with vetiver oil, but the above- 
described rectified oil showed laevo-rotation. The author presumes that dextro-rotation 
is caused by the presence of resin in the unrectified oils. This supposition sounds 
rather strange and induced us to rectify by steam distillation an oil produced by our- 
selves from finest selected raw material. As was suspected by us from the very 
beginning, the observation made by Singh was not confirmed by our experiment. The 
original oil showed -++ 23°25’, and the rectified oil -- 17°40’, the residue having a 
rotation of ++ 28°42’. Even a distillation carried out under atmospheric pressure over 
the naked fire, a process in the course of which decomposition might, under certain 
conditions, result in an alteration of the rotation, yielded only dextro-rotatory fractions. 
The first 50 p.c. rotated + 20°, and further 25 p.c. + 12°20’. The optical behaviour 
of the residue could not be determined, as the major part of it had become carbonized. 
Thus an explanation of Singh’s statements is impossible, the more so as they are 
ee eet 8 ef 
1) We are of opinion that it is impossible to obtain an oil of the properties of turpentine oil by dry 
distillation. It is a pity that the author gives no indications as to constants and composition of the oils 
examined by him. — %) Ann. Soc. Esp. Ph. Ch. 12 (1914), 259; Bull. Soc. chim. 1V. 16 (1914), 785. — 
8) Chemist and Druggist 85 (1914), 225. — Americ. Perfumer 10 (1915), 133. — 
