o Bat fron ‘the middie of June- Asana to October a ome very favour 
oe trunks yielded up to 5 kilos of turpentine. In order to Paced: a a 
be made to carry from 3 to 5 of these barked strips. By means of a special tool rc 
as possible, about 25 cm. high and 10 cm. wide. These special places penetrate the | 
to time so as to facilitate the regular flow of the gum to the cups. The resin thus — 
In spite of the lateness of the start and in the face of unfavourable weat 
in the Papier-Zeitung”). According to this process which is built up on the experiences 
collected in the exploitation of turpentine in Russian Poland and in Lower Austria, 
the trees selected for the purpose are barked by means of a woodman’s knife or an 
axe early in February, in strips reaching from the ground up to about one yard in e 
height, in which process the rough outer bark is removed to a width of about 20 om. oe 
the cambium, however, must not be hurt. According to its circumference a tree may — 
smooth flat places (called “Lachten”) are worked into these strips as near the ground — 
cambium right down to the wood. The instrument used for this purpose resembles a 
small bent hoe*). The exuding resin collects on these “Lachten” and flows down- 
ward, into hollows excavated at their lower end by means of a hollow chisel. These : 
smooth, cup-like holes are called “Grandeln”. They are from 7 to 8 cm. deep and > 
are further enlarged by a strip of tin, about 15 cm. long and 4 cm. wide being nailed 
to the trunk in front of them. This work is carried out before the end of April. and- 
all the trees selected for the purpose, and which are thus marked out for being cut 
down later on, are prepared in a similar way. — . 2s 
Resin exploitation is based on the fact that only the rings of the last two or three . 
years carry the gum which exudes after tapping. » 
About the middle of April the gum appears on the smooth banked places (“Lachten”) a 
in the form of small drops flowing gradually into the “Grandeln” (cups). From this, a 
time the “Lachten” are cut through every 3 or 4 days to a depth of about 3 to 4 mm. : 
at their upper margin and at the same time they are lengthened in an upward direction. 
This work has the object of keeping the resin ducts open. When this opetation has: 
tine, are covered with a crust of resin which is removed with a scraper jane tine. 
therefore collected and stored separateiy, in casks placed into the ground in the. n 
bourhood of the field of operation. At the end of September the. slaw of gum « 
whereupon the “Lachten” are smartly scraped. | 
1) Seifenfabrikant 36 (1916), 78. — *) Papier-Ztg. 1916, N° 16; Seifensieder Ztg. 43 (1916), 310. 
illustration in the original publication. 7s he She 
