106 CARL SKOTTSBERG, A BOTANICAL SURVEY OF THE FALKLAND ISLANDS. 



Luzula alopecurus (Jxalis enneuphylla Senecio Darwinii, 



Nanodca -muscosa Frimula magcllanica Taraxacum magellanicum. 



Oreomyrrhis andicolu Banunculus sericeocephalus 



Ground cover, phanerogams forming a dense stratum together with mosses and 

 lichens; here also the cushion-plants are enumerated. 



Greg.-cop. Blechnum penna marhta, Gumiera magellanica Caltha sagitfata 



sometimes pure mats Lycopodium magellanicum Nertera depressa 



Spårs. Abrotanella emarginata Myrteola nummularia Oreobolus ohtumngulus 



Azorella filamenfosa Sol. AnagalUs alternifolia var. Pratia repens 



» lycopodioides Azorella ranunculus Buhus geoides. 



Drapetes muscusus Bolax gummifera 



Bryophytes: Bryum areyioe, perlunbatum, ruhrinerve Card, n. sp., Cainpylopus 

 Birgeri, canescens, curvatijolius, i7itroflexus, tnodestus, saddlearius, Dicranum aciphyllum, 

 jalklandicum, Polytrichum piliferum, strictum v. alpestre, Rhacomitrium lanuginosum ; 

 Adelantlms falcatus, unciformis, Chiloscyphus Skottsbergii, Jamesoniella maluiyia, Leio- 

 scyphus hilobatus, Lepidozia Jacquemontii, Lophocolea austrigena, Marchantia cepJialo- 

 scypJia, Metzgeria nuda, glaberrima. The Hepaticse are found principally on patches 

 of moist humus. 



Lichens: Biatora cinnaharina, Cladonia alpestris, coccifera, gracilis, macilenta, 

 N europogo7i melaxantlium (small, sterile), Ochrolechia tartarea, Parmelia enteromorplia, 

 Peltigera malacea, polydactyla, rujescens, Psoroma hypnorum. Ramalina scopulorum 

 (rare), Sphcerophorus compressus and coralloides, Sticta orygmcea, Urvillei, Sticti7ia 

 filicina, Thamnolia vermicularis. 



According to the different frequency of the dominant species several types 

 of heath can be established: an E7npe.trum-C0rfaderia-a.ss., an Empetrum-Bolax-SiSs. an 

 E7npetru7n-Blecli7ium 7nageUa7iicum-ass. Ma7'sippospermu7n is generally seen in the 

 heath, especially in heath-patches in the stoneruns, where one may speak of a Mar- 

 sippospermum-assocmtion (see plate VI). Another variety shows more scarce wooden 

 plants and herbs, but a dense, härd cover of Blechn7i7n penna 7narina. This associa- 

 tion is interesting, for in the West Falklands it is the habitat of the peculiar Gleiche7iia 

 cryptocarpa, which is more common than even E7npetru7n itself, in the heath near 

 Hope Harbour. 



Tlie Cliiliotricliiim-associ.itioii. 



I have already remarked that Clilliotrichtim does not thrive in the heath. Onl}^ 

 once I have seen it well developed and growing together with E7npetru7n, under 

 conditions explained below. 



