28 MISC. PUBLICATION 318, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
each forewing, as shown in the picture, and have a wing expanse 
of from 1 to 1% inches. They have sucking mouth parts but do not 
feed. The caterpillars feed during the sunny part of the day. In 
commercial orchards, the usual poison sprays control these insects, but 
where they are found elsewhere they may be controlled by carefully 
burning or otherwise destroying the nests or webs as soon as discovery 
is made. Also spray small webs with one-eighth-percent DDT emul- 
sion. Some relief may be had by destroying the eggs during the 
winter. 
Grape leaf folder.—Around the grape arbor one often finds a very 
dark-brown moth with a wing expanse of nearly an inch. Two oval 
white spots appear on each forewing. The 
hind wings also have white markings. This 
insect is called the grape leaf folder (Des- 
mia funeralis). The larva is an active pale- 
green caterpillar that rolls and ties the 
leaves of wild and cultivated grapes and 
chews the leaves within the tie. There are 
two or three generations each year, depend- 
ing on the locality. The insect overwinters 
in the pupal stage. It is necessary to spray 
grape leaves with poison to control this pest. 
Codling moth.—How many times have you opened an apple and 
found a worm, half a worm, or a brown tunnel where the worm has 
been feeding? Even though many persons have seen the apple worm, 
few have seen the parent, which is called the codling moth. This 
moth is from about one-half to three-fourths of , 
an inch in length. The four wings of the codling 
moth are folded leaflike over the back, and have 
numerous hght-gray and brown markings. The 
moths lay their eggs on the leaves and fruit of 
several kinds of trees such as apple, pear, and 
quince. This insect has complete hfe changes, 
and there are from one to three generations a 
year, depending on the locality and climatic con- 
ditions. The full-grown larvae overwinter in silken cocoons hidden in 
crevices in the bark of trees or in similarly protected places. This in- 
sect is the chief pest of apples. Spraying is used in its control, although 
sanitary measures will help to reduce the number of overwintering 
larvae. Scientists speak of the codling moth as Carpocapsa pomonella. 
Indian-meal moth.—Many housewives have be- 
come alarmed at the sight of a rather small moth, 
with 34-inch wingspread, around the house, not 
realizing that this little creature originated in the 
pantry or the granary and is the Indian-meal moth, 
the larvae of which feed on all manner of dried 
vegetable products, seeds, nuts, fruits, etc. In the 
household it frequently is found in corn meal or 
oatmeal. This moth can be distinguished from the 
| clothes moth by the wings, the outer or hind part 
FicvrE 70—Indian- | being much darker in color than the fore part. The 
eee pee larva is her small white caterpillar, and almost 
arva 1S a rather sma te if ; 
all of the four life stages may be found any time of the year. This 
insect, which is called Plodia interpunctella, belongs to the order 
FIGURE 68.—Grape leaf folder. 
SS 
FIGURE 69.—Codling moth. 
