THE CENTRAL AMERICAN SPECIES OF QUERCUS 31 



deciduous, thick and very firm, 4 to 6 or rarely 8 cm. long, 2.5 to 4 cm. 

 broad, ovate to obovate or broadly elliptic, the apex broadly rounded 

 or merely obtuse, base subcuneate to cordulate but usually rounded, 

 entire, the margins minutely revolute or flat, upper surface shiny, 

 glabrous, lower surface dull, glabrous except occasional fulvous-stel- 

 late tomentum along the midrib toward the base ; veins 6 or 7 or rarely 

 9 on each side, very irregular, much branched and obviously anasto- 

 mosing, very slightly raised above with the reticulum not evident, 

 more prominent beneath, the reticulum somewhat raised or not, 

 petioles 4 to 7 mm. long, dark brown, glabrous. Staminate catkins 

 3 or 4 cm. long, the rachis sparsely pubescent or glabrous, loosely flowered 

 or rather densely so toward the apex, the anthers little exserted. Pis- 

 tillate catkins 2 or 3 cm. long, several-flowered toward the apex, the 

 styles short, stigmas abruptly dilated if at all. Fruit annual, several 

 distally grouped on a glabrous peduncle about 3 cm. long and 2 mm. 

 thick; cups about 10 or 12 mm. broad, cup-shaped, the scales narrowly 

 ovate, apically narrowed but obtuse, somewhat thickened basally, 

 the thin apices closely appressed, gray-puberulent only at the base, 

 otherwise glabrous and reddish brown; acorns (immature) about 1 

 cm. in diameter, round, one-half included. (See pis. 31 and 32.) 



Range: Mountains of central Costa Rica and of upper Panama 

 (2,100 to 4,000 m.). 



Quercus copeyensis is most closely related to Q. pacayana from which 

 its few irregular and usually inconspicuous veins and nearly flat leaf 

 margins distinguish it. The form kuntzei referred by Trelease to Q. 

 costaricensis , a species of Erythrobalanus, is clearly a member of Lepido- 

 balanus. The type of the form is obviously conspecific with the other 

 specimens of Q. copeyensis, but an isotype in the National Museum is 

 clearly Q. costaricensis. 



Specimens examined: 



COSTA RICA. — Prov. San Jose: near Finca La Cima above Los Lotes, north 

 of El Copey, December 21-22, 1925, Standley 42573 and 42588 (F, US) ; Cerro 

 de las Vueltas, December 29, 1925- January 1, 1926, Standley and Valerio 48982 

 (F. US). Prov. Cartago: Volcan Irazu, June 24, 1874, Kuntze 2282 (NY 

 [type as of Q. costaricensis f. kuntzei]). 



PANAMA. — Prov. Chiriqui: Volcan Chiriqui, between Potrero Muleto and 

 the summit, July 13-15, 1940, Woodson and Schery 383 (USNA [from which the 

 fruit is described]) . 



Series Tuberculatae Trel., Mem. Nat. Acad. Sci. 20: 56. 1924. 



Series Aurantiacae Trel., Mem. Nat. Acad. Sci. 20: 57. 1924. 

 Series Segovienses Trel., Mem. Nat. Acad. Sci. 20: 58. 1924. 



Medium-sized trees with slender or coarse glabrate twigs and 

 prominent pale lenticels; buds round-ovoid or acute, the stipules 

 persistent about the terminal bud; leaves medium-sized or large, 

 elliptic to obovate, usually crenate, glabrous or stellate-pubescent 

 beneath ; petioles short; fruit annual, rather small, usually short-stalked, 

 the cup scales keeled, puberulent. 



Range: Sierra Madre of both eastern and western Mexico to 

 Honduras and Nicaragua. 



Includes: Q. segoviensis Liebm. and three or four species (including 

 Q. tuberculata Liebm., the type) in Mexico. 



