mum use and recreation enjoyment with minimum adverse effect 

 on the forest environment. 



2. Developing facilities and organization of the use of recreation 

 areas to eliminate dangers to recreationists from forest fires, 

 avalanches, and other natural hazards, and to maintain safe, 

 sanitary conditions. 

 3. Determining ways of administering forest recreation business ef- 

 ficiently and at minimum cost. This will include the develop- 

 ment, maintenance, and operation of recreation areas and the 

 use of self-help devices and other procedures for reducing litter 

 cleanup and similar maintenance costs on mass recreation areas. 



i. Developing guides for measuring recreational carrying capacity 

 of various forest types, based on water, soil, and vegetation con- 

 ditions and users' sense of satisfaction. 



5. Obtaining information needed to plan and administer the special 

 use of wild-land resources as wilderness, including data on the 

 use wilderness areas receive : what kind and how much, when it 

 occurs, and how it is distributed. Defining the key features of 

 wilderness environment as a basis of inventory, evaluation, and 

 allocation of resources as wilderness. 



6. Determining how timber harvesting can be modified to enhance 

 forest recreation, with particular attention to road, stream, trail, 

 and lakeside zones and commercial stands of old-growth timber. 



7. Developing biologically sound measures to rehabilitate recrea- 

 tional areas depleted by overuse. 



8. Devising ways to measure and evaluate current recreational use 

 and fixture requirements, determine preferences of use and re- 

 sponse of recreationists to various types and qualities of improve- 

 ments, administrative policies governing use, and other factors 

 influencing use. 



9. Determining to what extent natural, geological, archeological, 

 historical, and other such special areas may be adapted to recrea- 

 tional uses without conflicting with the basic intent of their 

 establishment. 



Forest Protection Research 



Some of the possibilities of greatest gains in extending the supply of 

 forest resources and maintaining forests and ranges at highly pro- 

 ductive levels lie in prevention and control of fire, insects, and disease. 

 Acceptable progress will require strong fundamental research pro- 

 grams to establish the basis for new methods of attack. A thorough 

 understanding of physical principles in the case of fire, and biological 

 and physiological relationships in the case of insects and diseases, will 

 be necessary for continuing significant progress in the control of de- 

 structive agents. On the other hand, practitioners will want many 

 detailed answers to special problems; these will require a strong pro- 

 gram of applied-science studies. Destructive forces such as fire, in- 

 sects, and diseases do not halt at property lines and hence are of direct 

 concern to all types of forest-land owners. All will benefit from a 

 balanced research attack on fire and pests. 



Forest Fire. — Abolition of forest fires as an obstacle to profitable 

 long-term investment in intensive forestry is a major objective for or- 

 ganized research. For a number of years 90 percent of the costs and 

 damages suffered from fires has resulted from less than 5 percent of the 



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