48 SHADE TREES POR NORTH CAROLINA. 



A very large tap-root is rapidly developed in youth which greatly inter- 

 feres with transplanting even small specimens. Hickories admit of mod- 

 erately severe priming, especially in youth. The wood is tough and is not 

 liable to injury by wind storms, but top branches are occasionally badly 

 broken by sleet. A twig girdler does much damage by pruning small 

 branchlets and in many localities a timber beetle is very destructive to 

 middle-aged and old trees by girdling them beneath the bark. The foliage 

 is remarkably free from fungus diseases; the wood, however, rapidly de- 

 cay's if wounds are left unprotected. It is not over exacting as to soil 

 and will produce a nice, shapely tree on soils of moderate fertility, if once 

 successfully started. Nuts, which are easily procured, sprout readily ; but 

 it is better to plant them in the place where the tree is to grow either in ■ 

 parks, private grounds, or along roadsides, than to transplant young trees. 

 Trees should be spaced 40 feet. 



Carolina Shagbark (Hicoria Carolina septentrionalis) is a native 

 tree growing on uplands, usually on sandy soils from Wake to Guilford 

 counties across the State from Virginia to South Carolina. It is similar 

 to the shagbark but a smaller tree with a slightly smaller nut and smaller 

 twig and foliage. On thin dry soils it makes more satisfactory growth 

 than the common shagbark. Nuts are usually borne in abundance and 

 can be secured for planting from nearly any county between Person and 

 Anson. 



Scaly Bark or Red Heart Hickory (Hicoria odorata) is found 

 throughout the State, preferring fertile upland soils. It is a large tree 

 attaining in cultivation a height of from 50 to 70 feet, making moderate 

 growth until an old tree and reaching an age of more than 100 years. 

 The straight, cylindrical trunk is covered with dark gray scaly-brown 

 bark or occasionally merely deeply and irregularly furrowed. In young 

 trees the trunk is excurrent and the crown conical or ovoid, but in old 

 trees it is much divided near the top and the crown assumes a broader and 

 rounder shape. The red heart hickory has dark green compound leaves 

 formed of large drooping leaflets, the petioles often tinged with red or 

 purple. They are fragrant in spring when they appear and turn lemon 

 yellow before falling in autumn. The lustrous purple-brown twigs are 

 slightly curved and spreading. 



A deep tap-root is developed interfering with successful transplanting. 

 In its ability to endure pruning and its behavior in wind and sleet storms, 

 it is quite similar to the shagbark. Not so exacting as to soil, it makes 

 more satisfactory growth on close upland soils than the preceding species. 

 II. i- propagated in the same way. Trees should be spaced 40 feet. 



