ILLUSTRATIONS 





TLATE FACING PAGE 



I. Gothic arches of elms. Four rows. Green Street, Augusta, Ga. . . . 15 

 II. A, Young tulip poplar, showing pyramidal shaped crown and un- 

 divided stem; B, Bad pruning and neglect. One-half of the 

 trunk is dead from sun-scald. The crown is filled with par- 

 tially dead stubs from which the bark has fallen, caused by bad 

 pruning. The swollen ring just below the crown also shows 

 bad pruning when the stem was lengthened 20 



III. Forked elm split under weight of sleet. It can be drawn together 



by a bolt in the position of the dotted line. Forks which show 

 the least split should at once be drawn close by a bolt 24 



IV. A, Well-planted maple two years after being set out. A small speci- 



men with good roots. Only slight crown pruning was re- 

 quired and growth began at once. Tree is boxed to protect 

 stem from sun-scald; B, Flattened crown of oak, the usual 



shape assumed when heavily topped 26 



V. A, Water oak, the second year after planting. Such heavy topping 

 entirely alters the natural shape of the crown in many species 

 and retards growth several years; B, Stag-headed tree. The 

 trunk is too long for the size of the crown. The crown should 

 be lowered by pruning as indicated by lines. This tree is also 

 suffering from general neglect and requires the removal of 

 many dead limbs and sways, the filling of many cavities and 

 the removal from the stem of the lowest adventitious shoots. . 28 

 VI. Typical elm vase-shaped crown formed of many ascending stems . . 46 

 VII. A, Paulonia six years old, 20 feet high, globose crown. A very 

 rapidly growing tree with dense foliage and a tropical appear- 

 ance, but since it is short lived and becomes ragged in old age, 

 it is not desirable for general use; B, Well developed sugar 

 maple in middle age. This shape is characteristic of trees 



which have not been topped 54 



VIII. Southern maples showing ascending habit of trees planted close 



together. In a few years every other tree should be removed 



to give necessary growing space and to prevent deformities.. 56 



IX. A finely developed chestnut tree in flower, one of the most desirable 



of the large-sized shade trees for western North Carolina. 



Courtesy of U. S. Forest Service 62 



X. Row of lombardy poplars with narrowly conical crowns and erect 

 branches. It can be effectively used for a certain class of 

 planting, especially where it is desirablo to secure a quick 

 shade, since the growth is extremely rapid 70 



