48 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE NATURAL HISTORY OF ALASKA. 



OCTOBER, 1880. 



October 1 : Very hard rain ; gale from the north. — October 2 : Showers of rain ; spits of snow ; high winds. — 

 October 3 : Hard dashes of rain. — October 4 : Snow fell heavily on the mountains. — October 5 : A furious' gale with 

 gusts of a hurricane rate all day ; the roof of my house was taken off, the boards loosened, a flood of water entered 

 from the torrents of rain ; the anemometer carried oiF and bent out of shape ; all of my specimens of natural history, 

 including a complete series of plants from various islands of the Aleutian chain, were ruined; no help of any kind 

 here and very little with which to repair damage; all records written with ink were in most instances hopelessly 

 ruined; the wind blew from SE. to E. over the mountain tops in the most violent gusts. — October 6: Gale from the 

 southeast ; showery. — October 7 : Gusty gale from E. to NE. ; hard rain. — October 8 : Gusty gale from the northeast ; 

 enow on the hills; moderate showers. — October 9 : Rain; snow fell in light amounts, disappearing on the hills. — 

 October 10 : Lunar halo. — October 11 : Moderate rain ; heavy snow on the hills. — October 12 : Moderate snow and 

 rain. — October 13: Hard rain. — OctoberlG: Light rain. — October 17 : Arrival of steamer Dora from eastward ; I have, 

 just this day, repaired the damages which occurred to my house ou October 5 ; lunar halo in evening. — October 18 : 

 Light rain and snow. — October 20 : Moderate rain; light frost. — October 22 : Hard rain. — October 23 : Light rain. — 

 October 24 : Misty. — October 25 : Drizzly. — October 28: Moderate frost and freeze. — October 31 : Four vibrations of 

 an earthquake at .09 a. in. ; undulations from E. to W. 



NOVEMBER, 1880. 



November 2: Light snow. — November 3 : Light sleet and snow spits. — November 7 : Rain and hail of light char- 

 acter. — November 8 : Light rain ; lunar corona.— November 13: Light rain and snow. — November 14 : Rain and snow 

 of moderate character: — November 16: Hard gale from the south; moderate rain with snow. — November 17: Mod- 

 erate rain with little snow. — November 18: Hard rain. — -November 19: Hard rain. — November 20: Light to misty 

 rain. — November 22: Misty to moderate rain. — November 23 : Hard rain. — November 24: Very hard rain. — Novem- 

 ber 25 : Moderate to hard rain. — November 26: Very hard rain. — November 27: Light rain.— November 28: Very 

 hard rain. — November 29: Furious gale from the southeast; dashing rain. — November 30: Strong gale from the 

 southeast ; hard rain with snow. 



DECEMBER, 1880. ^ 



December 1: Light rain, snow, and sleet. — December 3: Very heavy rain. — December 4: Very heavy rain. — 

 December 5: Light rain. — December 6: Very heavy rain-fall. — December 7: Hard rain.— December 8 : Hard rain. — 

 December 9: Light rain. — December 10 : Misty; snow on the mouutains. — December 11 : Very gusty gale from E. to 

 S. ; moderate rain with sleet squalls. — December 12 : Light sleet, snow and rain. — December 13 : Wet snow fell 

 lightly. — December 14 : Light sleet; gust from the northeast. — December 15 : Sleet squalls ; very heavy sea running. — 

 December 16: Sleet of light character, very moist. — December 17: Light rain. — December 18: Hard storm from the 

 northeast; violent sea; hard rain with snow. — December 19 : Violent storm from the northeast; heavy rain with 

 snow. — December 20: Gusty north wind; moderate snow with rain. — December 21 : Gusty northwest wind. — Decem- 

 ber 22 : High winds backing and subsiding; light sleet squalls; sea violent. — December 23: Gale from the north- 

 west ; light sleet squalls. — December 24 : High gale from the northwest ; sleet and snow. — December 25 : High gusty 

 gale from the west and northwest ; sleet swirls of light character. — December 26 : High gale from W. to NW. ; little 

 snow fell; sea raging violently. — December 27: High gale from the northwest. — December 28: Northwest gale of 

 gusty character; rain, sleet, hail, and snow fell of lightest character. — December 29: Northwest gale, rather gusty; 

 hard rain and snow. — December 30: Heavy rain; snow nearly gone; sea going down. — December 31 : Hard rain; 

 natives report an earthquake shock as having occurred at or about 2 a. m. of night before last (30th); a slight shock 

 was felt at 7.25 p. m. 



JANUARY, 1881. 



January 1: Moderate rain and snow. — January 2: Light snow.— January 3: Air full of frost films. — January 5: 

 Terrific gusts of a high storm rate from SW. to SE. ; snow drifted furiously from the mountain tops. — January 6 : 

 Very heavy fall of frost films from the sky during clear weather ; not a cloud in the sky when they fell, yet the air 

 was darkened with the films. — Jauuary 7 : Gusty south winds ; snow drifted furiously; sleet later in the day, with 

 heavy gusts of wind. — January 8: Frightful gusts of a high storm rate from S. to SE. ; heavy dashes of rain. — Janu- 

 ary 9 : Gusty gale from S. to SE. ; solar halo ; moderate snow. — January 10 : High gale from S. to SW. ; frequent hard 

 suow squalls. — January 11 : Light frequent fluffs of snow. — January 12: Gusty gale from SW. to SE. ; moderate sleet 

 and snow. — January 13: Gusty S. to E. winds; moderate snow and rain. — January 14: Rain, icy sleet, hail fell of 

 hard character. — January 15: Heavy snow; light gusty gale from E. to NE. ; light snow and sleet. — January 16: 

 Violent snow and sleet squalls; sea violent; rain fell late in p. m. — January 17: Gale, very gusty from the north; 

 sleet and snow squalls ; lunar corona. — January 18: Gustiness from N. to NW. ; fierce snow and sleet squalls; slush 

 forms in the bay. — January 19 : Few sleet pellets. — January 20 : Temperature 17°, lowest up to date; very gusty from 

 the northwest, increased to a hard gale : frequent sleet and snow squalls ; snow flying furiously. — January 21 : Heavy 

 fall of sleet and snow ; the ground is covered to a depth of 5 feet with sleet and snow.— January 22 : Gale from the 

 northwest, increased to storm ; snow and sleet fell heavily ; snow drifted furiously. — January 23: Rain and snow; the 

 bay is covered with frozen snow-slush, a very unusual occurrence ; water-fowl are extremely scarce. — January 24 : 



