CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE NATURAL HISTORY OF ALASKA. 21 



fall. — July 25: Light gale from the north. — July 26: High gale from the northeast; fine twilight curve. — July 27: 

 A gale of variable rate from the northeast; temperature 70° to-day. — July 28: Temperature 70° to-day. — July 30: 

 Strong storm of wind from the south ; hard rain late in p. ni. — July 31 : Gusty storm of wind from the south ; much 

 rain fell at intervals. 



AUGUST, 1875. 



August 2 : A strong storm rate of wind from S. to SW. — August 3 : Storm rate of wind, very gusty ; rain fell in 

 light quantity.- — August 4: Moderate storm rate of wind from the south ; heavy rain. — August 5: Heavy rain-fall. — 

 August 7: High gale rate of wind from the south. — August 10: Several light showers of rain. — August 11: High gale 

 from the south; light rain-fall. — August 12: Strong storm of wind from S. to SW ; heavy rains in the distance.— 

 August 13 : A hard shower of rain iu early p. m. — August 17 : Light rain late in p. m. — August 18: Light rain in early 

 a. m. — August 22: A light gale from S. to E. — August 24: A heavy dash of rain in a. m. — August 26: A light rain in 

 p. m. — August 27: High gale from the east. — August 28: Strong hurricane from the south ; a maximum velocity of 

 81 miles per hour was obtained ; light rain fell. — August 29 : A strong gale from the southwest and west ; light rain- 

 fall. 



SEPTEMBER, 1875. 



September 1: A high gale from the east; light rain in p. m. — September 2: Light rain in a. m. — September 3 : 

 Moderate rain-fall ; a pale arch of an aurora was seen from 8.30 p. m., until 10 p. m., when clouds obscured. — Septem- 

 ber 5: Hard showers in p. m. — September 6: Hard rain in a. m. — September 7 : Light rain in middle of day. — Septem- 

 ber 8: Strong gale from the southwest; bright aurora partially obscured by clouds. — September 10: Strong gale 

 from S. to SW.— September 14: Light to high gales from the southeast. — September 15: Moderate gale from the south- 

 east. — September 16: Strong storm of wind from S. to SW. — September 17: Brisk gale from SE. toE. — September 18: 

 Rain of moderate character in p. m. — September 19: Moderate rain in a. m. — September 20: Fog in early a. m. — Sep- 

 tember 21 : Fiery-red and gold sunset. — September 22: Light gale from the northeast ; sea very rough. — September 

 23 : Strong gale from NE. to E.— September 24: Gusty gales from the northeast ; sea water very turbid. — September 

 25: Coppery red sunset.— September 27: Strong gale from the northeast; light rain in p. m. — September 29: Moder- 

 ate rain-fall. 



OCTOBER, 1875. 



October 4 : Aurora of a single arch visible from 6.30 p. m. to 2 a. m. of October 5. — October 5 : Aurora of yester- 

 day continued until 2 p. m ; aurora visible this morning, consisting of three pale arches, lasting until midnight; 

 high gale in p. m. northeast. — October 6: Strong storm from the northeast ; aurora of a single arch from 8 p. m. 

 until daylight of October 7.— October 7 : Fearful surges of storm rate of winds from the northeast ; brilliant sunset ; 

 thin films of ice on the shallow pools; aurora of October 6 continued without change until daylight. — October 8: 

 high gale rate of wind from the northeast ; water in the bay very low ; heavy ice on the fresh water. — October 9 : 

 High gale of wind from SE. to S. ; snow fell in the distance. — October 11": Brilliant meteor in the southeast at 9.38 p. 

 m. — October 13: High gale from the northeast. — October 14: Light raiu iu p. in. — October 15: Light rain in a. m. — 

 October 16 : Strong gale from the north. — October 17 : High gale from the northeast ; light suo w-fall and sleet ; water 

 very low in the bay. — October 19: Heavy frost last night. — October 25: Few flakes of snow.— October 26: Spits of 

 sleet and snow. — October 29: High to a strong gale from the south ; snow fell, changing to rain, which froze fast as 

 it fell ; misty rain iu late p. m. — October 30: Light gale from the southwest; snow and rain fell lightly ; ice making 

 in the sea next the shore. 



NOVEMBER, 1875. 



November 1 : A high gale from the northeast auroral arch in the evening, partially obscured by clouds. — November 

 2: Aurora of yesterday continued until 4.50 a. m. to-day; auroral haze was observed at 10.30 p. in. — November 3 : 

 Auroral haze from 6.20 p. m. to 9 p. m. — November 4 : Light gale from the southwest ; ice forming quite heavily in the 

 bay ; snow fell, but was drifted. — November 5 : Little snow and sleet fell in a. in ; a pale auroral glow in late p. m. — 

 November 6 : Several sleet squalls of light character. — November 8 : Lunar halo of 22 degrees iu late p. m. — November 

 9 : Fine snow fell in considerable quantity ; high gale late in p. m. — November 11 : Bright parhelia at 8.40 a. m ; a well 

 defined vertical beam also showed ; the red color was very bright, changing to pale bluish at noon. — November 12: 

 Light mirage. — November 13 : Lunar halos of 22 and 46 degrees with parselenes at the intersections of the parselenic 

 circle and vertical beam. — November 16 : Considerable amounts of frost crystals. — November 17 : Long spiculaj of frost 

 attached to the grass. — November 18 : Heavy fog ; everything is beut to the ground under the weight of frost crystals ; 

 I have never before witnessed such a grand crystallization of moisture. — November 19: Much mirage. — November 20: 

 Ftw flakes of snow. — November 22: Strong gale from the southwest ; all the ice to the northeast of the island has moved 

 out to seaward. — November 26 : Moderate gale from the northeast. — November 29: Aurora began at 5.24 p. m., and 

 continued all night, lasting until 5 a. m. of November 30. — November 30: Aurora continued until 5 a. m ; a single 

 auroral arch began at 9.30 p. m., continuing with little change until 5.30 a. m. of December 1. 



DECEMBER, 1875. 



December 1 : Aurora of November 30 continued until 5.30 a. m. of to-day; aurora of feeble intensity from 9.50 

 p. m. to 4.35 a. m. of December 2; slight indications of an arch at midnight. — December 2: Parhelia having slight 

 tails were seen to-day ; aurora of December 2 continued until 4.35 a. m. to-day ; an aurora, hardly recognizable, was 



