20 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE NATURAL HISTORY OF ALASKA. 



and of 46 degrees formed around the sun ; as the snn sank beneath the horizon a conical beam shot up for 7 degrees 

 and 3 degrees wide at Iho horizon, changed to a single vertical beam of 12 degrees high as the sun further disap- 

 peared. — March 26 : Variably light to a strong gale rate at intervals prevailed from S. to SW. ; at 1.45 p.m. a 

 splendid arrangement of halos of 22 degrees and 46 degrees with parhelia at the intersection with the partially 

 formed parhelic circle was interrupted with broken stratus. — March 27 : An aurora of a poorly defined arch with few 

 "dancers" and Hashes lasted from 8.40 p. m. to 3.45 a. m. of March 28. — March 28: The aurora of yesterday evening 

 lasted until 3.45 a. m. of to-day ; an aurora of feeble intensity began at 8.20 p. m., disappearing at 11.20 p. m. — March 

 30: A high gale prevailed early in the day from the south; fine snow was drifted from the sky for the greater part of 

 the day; a halo of 22 degrees and one of 46 degrees formed round the sun; parhelia formed ou the halo of 22 degrees; 

 a pale aurora of a single arch from 8.30 p. m. to 3.35 a. m. of March 31. — March 31 : An aurora, the continuation of 

 the one seen March 30, lasted until 3.35 a. m. of to-day ; during this month so much snow has drfted that measure- 

 ments have not been at all times possible. 



APRIL, 1875. 



April 1 : A hurricane blowing from the south ; much snow flying in the air. — April 2 : A hurricane from the south, 

 blowing at a rate of 86 miles at times ; ice in the sea breaking up. — April 3: A hurricane rate of wind from the south, 

 blowing 86 miles per hour at its maximum ; snow on the ground nearly gone ; much ice in the sea has moved out. — 

 April 4 : A stormy gale from the south ; much snow fell and drifted. — April 5 : A high gale early in a. m. from the 

 south; much snow fell and drifted. — April 6 : Gusty gale rate of wind from N. to NE. ; an aurora was visible from 9 

 p. m. to 3.10 a. m. of April 7; no arch was formed; a grand display of streamers and beams taking the form of 

 drapery moved by the wind.— April 7: Aurora of yesterday evening continued until 3.10 a. m. of to-day; an aurora 

 similar to the one recorded yesterday was seen this evening from 9 p. rn. to 2.25 a. ni. of April 8 ; it had a horse- 

 shoe form and constantly waved back and forth, subsiding to a haze and reappearing. — April 9: Aurora of April 8 

 disappeared at 2.25 a. m. ; an aurora of slight intensity was observed from 10.10 p. m. to 11.42 p. m. — April 13: A 

 low gale rate of wind from various quarters; a light spit of snow. — April 15: Much frost in the air. — April 16: A 

 strong gale from the southwest. — April 17 : A light gale from S. to SW. ; large flakes of snow fell. — April 18 : A light 

 fog in the evening ; much frostiness in the air. — April 19 : Fogginess all the early a. m ; considerable thaw to-day. — 

 April 24 : Large flakes of snow fell irregularly. — April 25 : Little snow fell in large flakes. — April 26 : A dense fog in 

 early a. m. ; a light gale from the north toward noon ; much thawing ; pale solar halo.— April 27 : Hard storm of wind 

 from the north and northeast; snow fell in light amounts. — April 28: A light gale from the east and northeast; 

 beautiful display of upper clouds. — April 29: Snow rapidly melting ; quite warm to-day; swans (Olor columhianus) 

 arrived to-day. — April 30 : A strong gale from NE. to E. 



MAY, 1875. 



May 1 : A gusty gale from the northeast, at times attaining a storm rate. — May 2 : A storm rate of wind from the 

 northeast. — May 3 : A low storm of wind at noon. — May 4 : A gale rate of wind from the northeast ; at 5.24 p. m. a 

 bright halo of 22 degrees having brilliant parhelia at. the intersection of the parhelic circle and a very bright parhelion 

 at the intersection of the vertical beam. — May 5: Solar halo of 22 degrees attended by brighter parhelia in the early 

 p. m. — May 8 : Some of the larger water-fowl arrived this week. — May 10 : Fog during the early p. m. — May 16 : Several 

 species of land birds have arrived ; the unfavorable weather has been much against their coming. — May 17 : Little snow 

 to-day. — May 18 : Half an inch of snow fell during the day. — May 19 : Considerable snow fell during the night. — May 

 21 : A heavy fall of snow in early a. m. — May 23 : A few radishes, lettuce, and cabbages growing finely in the hot- 

 bed. — May 27 : Dense fog in late p. m. — May 28: Dense fog prevailed. — May 29: Several additional birds arrived this 

 week, among them were snipe and a blackbird; alight gale prevailed early in a. m. from the south. — May 30: Light 

 gale from the south. — May 31 : A light gale from the southwest. 



JUNE, 1875. 



June 1 : Ice has again accumulated to seaward. — June 2 : Several lepidopters flying around to-day. — June 3 : Grass 

 and few flowering plants are beginning to show above ground. — June 4 : A strong gale from N. to S. via E. blowing.— 

 June 5: Warm and pleasant. — June 7 : Several light showers of rain. — June 8: Rain of light to moderate character 

 all day. — June 9: Light rain during day ; fog prevailed at times. — June 10 : Fog at times. — June 12 : Ice in the bay 

 breaking into small pieces ; a light frost last night ; few flowers in blossom. — June 14 : Two vessels reported in night as 

 being far out to sea ; they came through the broken ice by evening. — June 15 : A moderate gale from the south and 

 sothwest took out the ice in the bay ; also the two vessels, which sustained no harm ; a severe thunder-storm occurred 

 in the early p. m. — June 16 : Attempts to reach the vessels were frustrated by the pack-ice. — June 18 : Strong gale from 

 the east and southeast. — June 19 : Very gusty wind to-day from SE. to S. ; ice still jammed in the bay. — June 20 : A 

 hard storm of wind from the southeast; ice in the bay dashed to pieces by the waves and rapidly disappearing. — June 

 24 : Rain fell of light character. — June 28 : Strong gale from the south. 



JULY, 1875. 



July 8: Light shower of rain. — July 9: Light gale early in p. m. ; rain of light character fell. — July 10: Strong 

 gale from the southeast ; light rain fell. — July 12 : Very light rain-fall ; strong gale from the south. — July 13 : 

 Strong gale ; light rain-fall. — July 14 : Light gale from the north.— July 15: Moderate rain-fall. — July 17 : High gale 

 from the southwest.— July 18 : Strong gale from the northeast. — July 20: A strong gale from the south ; hard rain* 



