18 



CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE NATURAL HISTORY OF ALASKA. 



to-day. — October '21 : A light gale from the south. — October 23 : A light gale increasing to a storm rate prevailed 

 to-day; snow and rain fell nearly all day. — October 24: A strong gale from the southeast; showers of rain, changed 

 to mistiness in late p. m. — October 25 : Strong storm from the south, increasing to 87 miles per hour at 7 a. m ; mod- 

 erated after noon ; rain fell in a. m. — October 26 : Very high tide to-day caused by the south wind of the 25th. — October 

 27 : Strong storm of wind from the south ; severe showers of rain in p. m. and mistiness in a. ru. — October 29 : Very 

 heavy fall of snow. — October 30 : Much snow fell to-day. — October 31 : Light spit of snow to-day. 



NOVEMBER, 1874. 



November 2 : Snow melted slightly to-day. — November 4 : Snow fell lightly to-day. — November 6 : Snow fell 

 lightly ; large pieces of ice have been observed floating in the bay ; a pale auroral arch of yellowish color was 

 seen this evening. — November 7 : A light gale from the south ; heavy fall of snow occurred. — November 8 : A brisk 

 gale from the northeast in p. m. ; a pale parhelion was observed at 1.45 p. m. — November 9: A fearful gale from the 

 northeast increasing to the strongest storm rate. — November 10: "Wind northeast to south, high to a gale rate. — No- 

 vember 11: Gale from the south; light fall of snow; some thaw in exposed places. — November 12: Strong gale 

 from the south : a few drops of rain fell in p. m. — November 13 : Gale of wind from the south. — November 14 : Mod- 

 erate gale blowing from the northeast. — November 15: Stronger gale from the northeast; lighter gale from the 

 south. — November 16 : Strong gale from the south; beautiful red sunrise. — November 17: Gale from the south early 

 in a. m. ; ice in the bay rapidly breaking up and going out to sea. — November 18 : A light gale in the middle of the 

 p. m., increased to a strong gale ; light snowfall to-day. — November 19 : Very high barometer (30.793) to-day. — 

 November 20 : Ice in the bay coalesced during the night. — November 21 : A light gale from the northeast ; ice in the 

 bay is breaking into slush. — November 23 : A gale blowing from the northeast all day ; a pale aurora was seen in the 

 early evening; the bright moonlight prevented it being readily seen. — November 24: Alight gale from the north- 

 east. — November 29 : A few irregular flashes of auroral light were seen this evening. — November 30 : Beautiful red 

 sunrise ; a pale aurora was observed at 10.20 p. m. 



DECEMBEE, 1874. 



December 1 : Decrease of temperature caused great deposits of frost spicules on the hairs, feathers, and nail-heads. — 

 December 2 : A moderate fall of snow in a. m. — December 4 : A parhelion was observed at 1.45 p. m. — December 

 5: A gale blowing from the east. — December 6 : A strong gale from the northeast in p. m. ; a faint auroral glow was 

 observed from 5 to 10 p. m. — December 7 : A strong gale from the south in p. m. ; large masses of snow fell. — 

 December 8 : A slight auroral display was observed at 9.30 p. m. — December 9 : Strong gale from the northeast 

 deep fiery-red sunset. — December 14 : High gale from the northeast ; a magnificent auroral display of five perfect 

 arches, commencing as pale, fitful streaks and gradually assuming arches; held this position with little disturbance 

 until 4 a. m. of December 15. — December 15 : A strong gusty gale from the northeast ; the aurora observed yesterday 

 continued until 4 a. m. to-day ; a second aurora, consisting of the same number of arches and relative position in the 

 heavens, was seen from 5.30 p. m. to 11.30 p. m. of to-day. — December 16 : Few flakes of snow ; lunar corona of fine 

 coloration when the clouds pass the face of the moon. — December 17 : Brilliant parhelia in p. m. ; the one to the left 

 south of the sun had about 30 degrees of the parhelic circle well developed. — December 18 : Magnificent displays of cirri 

 clouds. — December 19 : High storm of wind from the northeast ; very gusty. — December 20 : Wet snow fell during the 

 night; a beautiful lunar corona at 9.30 p. m. — December 21: Great quantities of frost spicules were formed ; snow 

 fell in small amounts. — December 22: Snow fell in considerable amount. — December 23: A strong storm from the 

 south during day ; a light amount of snow fell. — December 24 : A strong hurricane from the south ; maximum 

 velocity recorded was 89 miles per hour; the ice in the bay was thrown in huge blocks upon the shore; the tide 

 rose the highest it has been known for years ; a light rain fell at times. — December 25 : High to a low gale from the 

 south; heavy fall of snow. — December 27: A fearful hurricane prevailed, attaining a rate of 94 miles per hour at 

 5.24 p. in. ; the snow was whirled in blinding drifts. — December 28: Low gale of wind from S. to NW. — December 

 31 : Beautiful sunrise ; an aurora of slight intensity was observed this evening, 



JANUAEY, 1875. 



January 1 : Gale from the northeast ; a slight tinge of an aurora at 5.25 p. m., lasting until 1.45 a. m. of January 

 2. — January 2: Strong gale from the east, increasing to a storm rate: aurora of yesterday evening disappeared at 

 1.45 a.m. to-day. — January 3: Brisk gale from the northeast; finely developed twilight curve this evening. — January 

 7 : Moderate snow r -fall from 3 a. m. to 3.20 p. m. — January 9 : High gale during latter part of the day ; light amounts 

 of snow fell.— January 10 : Strong gale from the northeast in early a. m. ; a magnificent rain-bow this a. m. ; the 

 colors were the brightest I ever witnessed ; three bows were developed. — January 11 : Strong gale from the east and 

 southeast; rain and sleet fell in light quantities.— January 12: Beautiful sunrise of gold and red. — January 14: A 

 magnificent sunrise of bright flame-color, the clouds having distorted edges of lighter color. — January 16: Beautiful 

 display of upper clouds. — January 17 : Dense fog covered everything with spiculse of frost. — January 18 : A fog-bank 

 passed by at 2 p. m., covering everything with frost crystals. — Jannary 19 : Beautiful lunar corona of vivid prismatic 

 colors this evening, caused by the white stratus clouds passing the moon's disk. — January 20: Faiut lunar halo at 9 

 p. m. — January 21 : High winds caused much light snow to be drifted into the air and caused the production of a 

 halo of 22 degrees, the lower part of which was cut off by the earth ; the sun is too low all to be represented ; the 

 ends could be seen between the hills and myself; the upper side of the halo was also cut off as the particles of 

 drifting snow were not at times carried high enough into the air to produce a complete circle above the sun. — January 



