72 



0.160™'" lange og fra 0.060—0.104'"'» brede, Fig, 7—10. 

 Imellem disse Spilder sees Firlinger i Form af Timeglas, 

 besatte med Knuder, 0.108™™ lange, 0.070"™ brede, Fig. 11, 

 eller i Korsform, tildels rigt ornamenterede, 0.128"™ lange, 

 0.120™"' brede, Fig. 12, eller besatte med et større eller 

 mindre Antal Vorter; disse sidste ere omtrent lige lange 

 som brede, 0.120™™ i Gjennemsnit, Fig. 13. 14; Klubber, 

 som ere kun lidet besatte med Vorter, fra 0.092—0.124™™ 

 lange og fra 0.052—0.056™™ brede foroven, Fig. 15. 16, 

 eller bladede med et kort, enten tornet eller nøgent Skaft, 

 fra 0.100—0.128™™ lange og fra 0.052—0.088™™ brede 

 foroven, Fig. 17. 18; endelig hist og her nogle Spikier, 

 der nærme sig Korsformen og ere enten næsten glatte eller 

 tornede; de ere fra 0.084—0.112""" lange og fra 0.056— 

 0.060""" brede, Fig. 19. 20. 



Paa Stammen, der ligeledes er meget rig paa Spikier, 

 ligge dog disse ikke egentlig paa hverandre, men slutte sig 

 tæt sammen, især paa dens nederste Del. De almindelig- 

 ste ere sammensatte Stjerner, Dobbeltstjerner, bladede 

 Klubber, Rosetter og Firlinger. * 



De sammensatte Stjerner ere meget forskjellige i 

 Form og, som tidligere berørt, er det kun ved at sønder- 

 lemme dem, at Stjerneformen fremkommer altid mere eller 

 mindre tydeligt; de ere fra 0.104—0.176""* lange og fra 

 0.060—0.108""" brede, Fig. 21—23. Dobbeltstjernerne ere 

 i Regelen forsynede med et nøgent Midtparti og Straalerne 

 ofte brede, bladformede; de ere fra 0.092 — 0.136""" 

 lange og fra 0.052— 0.092"™ brede, Midtbeltet er fra 

 0.016—0.036""" bredt, Fig. 24-28. Klubberne have 

 nogen Lighed mecj en Blomsterbuket, Skaftet er i Alminde- 

 lighed kort og bredt; de ere fra 0.060 — 0tl08"' m lange og 

 fra 0.052—0.080™"' brede, Fig. 29—31. Bosetterne ere 

 meget forskjelligt formede og strøede indimellem Stjerne- 

 spiklerne; de ere omtrent lige lange som brede, i Gjennem- 

 snit variere de fra 0.024— 0.080""" , Fig. 32—36. Firlin- 

 gerne find.es overalt paa Stammen, dog kun enkeltvis, og 

 ere fra 0.060—0.104""" lange og fra 0.064—0.124""" brede, 

 Fig. 37 — 40; enkelte af Firlingerne have udpræget Kors- 

 form; deres Længdestok er fra 0.196—0.216'""' og Tver- 

 stokken fra 0.096—0.152""", Fig. 41. 42. Kun yderst 

 sjeldent sees en Spikel, der nærmer sig Dobbeltkuglen; 

 begge de afrunclede Ender ere besatte med Torne og Midt- 

 partiet er nøgent; de ere 0.096""" lange, 0.068""" brede i 

 Enderne; Midtbeltet er 0.024'"'" bredt, Fig. 43. 



sometimes warted, at the extremities; they measure from 

 0.104—0.160™'» in length, and from 0.060—0.104™'» in 

 breadth (Pl. VIII, figs. 7—10). Between these spicules, 

 quadruplets, of hour-glass form, are observed, beset with 

 knots and measuring 0.108™™ in length, and 0.070™™ in 

 breadth (Pl. VIII, fig. 11); or cruciform, partly, richly 

 embellished, and measuring 0.128™™ in length, and 0.120™ m 

 in breadth (Pl. VIII, fig. 12); or, beset with a larger, or 

 smaller, number of warts; the last mentioned are about as 

 long as they are broad, and measure 0.120"™ in diameter 

 (Pl. VIII, figs. 13. 14); also, clavates, which are only slightly 

 beset with warts, and measure from 0.092—0.124™'" in 

 length, and from 0.052—0.056™" in breadth above (PI. 

 VIII, figs. 15. 16); or, they are foliaceous, with a short, 

 either aculeated or bare, shaft, and measure from 0.100 — 

 0.128'»'" in length, and from 0.052—0.088"™ in breadth 

 above (Pl. VIII, figs. 17. 18); finally, there are seen here 

 and there, a few spicules which approach to the cruci-form, 

 are, either, almost smooth, or aculeated, and which measure 

 from 0.084—0.112»™ in length, and from 0.056—0.060™™ 

 in breadth, (Pl. VIII, figs. 19. 20). 



On the stem, which is likewise very rich in spicules, 

 they are not, however, exactly placed upon each other, but 

 they close together, especially upon its lowest part. The 

 most frequent forms are, complex stellates, bistellates, 

 foliaceous clavates, rosettes, and quadruplets. 



The complex stellates are very variable in form, and, 

 as previously alluded to, it is only upon breaking them up 

 that the stellate form appears, always more or less dis- 

 tinctly; they measure from 0.104 — 0.176™™ in length, and 

 from 0.060—0.108™™ in breadth (Pl. VIII, figs. 21—23). 

 The bistellates are, as a rule, furnished with a bare mesial 

 part, and the rays are, frequently, broad and foliaceous ; 

 they measure, from 0.092 — 0.136™™ in length, and from 

 0.052—0.092'""' iu breadth. The mesial belt measures 

 from 0.016—0.036"'"' in breadth (Pl. VIII, figs. 24—28). 

 The clavates have much resemblance to a bouquet of 

 flowers; the shaft is, usually, short and broad, and they 

 measure from 0.060 — 0.108""" in length, and from 0.052 — 

 0.080""" in breadth (Pl. VIII, figs. 29—31). The rosettes 

 are very various in form, and are strewn in amongst the 

 stellate spicules; they are about as long as they are broad, 

 and their diameter varies from 0.024—0.080""" (PL VIII, 

 figs. 32 — 36). The quadruplets are met with everywhere 

 on the stem, but only singly; they measure from 0.060 — 

 0.104™™ in length, and from 0.064—0.124""» in breadth 

 (PL VIII, figs. 37—40); a few of the quadruplets have 

 distinguished cruci-form; their longitudinal arm measures 

 from 0.196 — 0.216™™, and the transversal arm from 0.096 

 —0.152™'" (PL VIII, figs. 41. 42). Only very rarely is a 

 spicule seen which approaches to the double sphere in 

 form; both of its rounded extremities are beset with 

 aculeæ, and its mesial part is bare; it measures from 

 0.096"™ in length, and 0.068'"'" in breadth at the extre- 

 mities. The mesial belt measures 0.024™"' in breadth 

 (PL VIII, fig. 43). 



