138 



Grunden af to Polyper hyppig en liden Polyp, dannet ved 

 Knopskydning. Spiklerne paa Basaldelen ere almindeligst 

 sammensatte Stjerner og Dobbeltstjerner, sjeldnere takkede 

 Spindler-, disse blive hyppigere paa Stammen (Polypcellerne) 

 og endnu hyppigere paa Polypkroppen, især dennes forreste 

 Del, hvor ogsaa særegne, korsformede Firlinger træffes, der 

 dog ere temmelig sjeldne. Hele Zoanthodemet, naar det er 

 fuldt udstrakt, aldeles vandklart og egentlig uden Farve; 

 naar Polyperne trække sig ind, og Cellerne forkortes, er 

 Farven hvid. Svælget har 6 Spikelrækker. 



Underfamilie Cornularinæ. 



Clavularia frigida, n. sp. 



Tab. XXII, Fig. 1—35. 



Zoanthodemet uden Stamme. Basaldelen, der er tynd, 

 halvgjennemsigtig, udbreder sig baandformigt over de Gjen- 

 stande, hvortil den er fæstet, Fig. 1, a. Fra Basaldelen 

 reise sig isolerede Polyper med deres Celler med større eller 

 mindre Mellemrum. Cellerne erej 3— 4 mm lange, noget ud- 

 videde ved deres Grund, forsynede med 8 temmelig stærke 

 Ribber, dannede af Spikier, samt imellem Ribberne dybe 

 Furer, som ligeledes ere spikelholdige, Fig. 1. 2, a. Hvor 

 Cellen gaar over i Polypkroppen, smalner den lidt af, 

 Ribberne blive mindre fremtrædende, og der sees en afrundet 

 Rand, Fig. 2, b, der betegner Overgangen, og som især 

 bliver tydelig, naar Polypen er begyndt at trække sig lidt 

 sammen. 



Polypkroppen er 3""" lang; den bagerste Del er smal, 

 cylindrisk, rig paa Spikier, som ligge paatvers; den forreste 

 Del udvider sig næsten traktformigt op imod Tentakelranden 

 og er forsynet med 8 Ribber, imellem hvilke sees en meget 

 smal Fure; baade denne og Ribberne ere særdeles rige paa 

 Spikier, der opimod Mundskiven ligge paalangs, idet de gaa 

 over paa Tentaklerne, Fig. 2. Disse ere omtrent 2 mm lange 

 og paa deres aborale Side beklædte mecl Spilder. Pinnulerne 

 ere ogsaa forsynede med Spikier. 



Anatomisk-histologisk Undersøgelse. 



Polypcellerne ere jbeklædte med et Ectoderm, dannet 

 af flere Lag polyædriske Celler, der have en afiang Kjerne 



The bare portions, the oral disk and adoral side of the 

 tentacles, rich in nematocysts. The aboral side of the ten- 

 tacles and the pinnules rich in spicules. At the base of 

 two polyps there is, frequently, a small polyp formed by 

 budding. The spicules on the basal part are generally com- 

 plex stellates and bistellates, and more rarely spicate fusees ; 

 these become more numerous on the stem (the polyp-cells) 

 and still more numerous on the polyp-body, especially on 

 its anterior part, where, also, peculiar cruciform quadruplets 

 are met with, but rather rarely. The entire Zoanthodem, 

 when it is fully extended, is perfectly pellucid and is really 

 colourless ; when the polyps retract, and the cells are shortened, 

 the colour is white. The gullet has 6 spicular series. 



Sub-Section Cornularinæ. 



Clavularia frigida, n. sp. 



Pl. XXII, figs. 1—35. ' 



The Zoanthodem has no stem. The basal part is 

 thin and semi-transparent, and it extends itself, in bands, 

 over the objects to which it is attached (fig. 1, a). Isolated 

 polyps, with their cells, stand up from the basal part, 

 having larger or smaller intervals between them. The 

 cells measure 3 — 4" !m in length, and are somewhat dilated 

 at their base; they are furnished with 8, pretty strong, ribs 

 formed of spicules; and deep furrows, which also contain 

 spicules (fig. 1. 2, a), occur between the ribs. At the point 

 where the cell passes over into the polyp-body it diminishes 

 a little in thickness, the ribs become less prominent, and 

 a rounded margin is observed (fig. 2, b) which indicates 

 the transition, and which is specially distinct when the 

 polyp has commenced to contract itself a little together. 



The polyp-body measures 3 mm in length; its posterior 

 part is narrow and cylindrical, and is, also, richly supplied 

 with spicules which are placed transversally ; the anterior 

 part becomes dilated, in almost infundibuliform, in the 

 neighbourhood of the tentacular margin, and is furnished 

 with 8 ribs between which a very narrow furrow is observed; 

 both, it as well as the ribs, are particularly richly supplied 

 with spicules which, in the proximity of the oral disk, are 

 placed longitudinally as they pass over to the tentacles 

 (fig. 2). The tentacles measure about 2" m in length and, 

 on their aboral side, they are clad with spicules. The pin- 

 nules are, also, furnished with spicules. 



Anatomo-histological Examination. 



The polyp-cells are clad with an ectoderm, formed of 

 several layers of polyhedrical cells which contain an oblong 



