139 



med Kjernelegeme, omgiven af en finkornet, temmelig mørk 

 Protoplasmamasse, Fig. 3, a. Imellem Cellerne ere, især i de 

 dybere Lag, Kalkspikler leirede. lndenfor Ectodermet er et 

 bredt, hyalint Bindevævslag, forsynet med Bindevævslegemer 

 med Udløbere og fine Ernæringskanaler, Fig. 3, b. Paa 

 den indvendige Flade af Bindevævet sees de 8 Seputla 

 med sine Muskellag, samt et Endotlielovertræk, der bestaar 

 af runde Celler, forsynede med store Kjerner med deres 

 Kjernelegemer, hvilke ere omgivne af Protoplasma, Fig. 4. 

 Svælgrøret er cylindrisk. har 8 uregelmæssige Spikelrækker, 

 der dog ere ordnede saalecles, at Midtpartiet paa Bug- og 

 Rygside er spikelfrit, Fig. 5. Paa dets indre Væg langs 

 Bugsiden sees Svælggruben, forsynet med sine lange Pidske- 

 celler. Kjønsorganerne udvikles paa 6 Septula og dannes 

 som sædvanligt af stilkede Kapsler, hvori Kjønsprodukterne 

 udvikles. 



Paa Basaldelen findes hyppigst særegne Dobbeltstjerner, 

 Spindler og Klubber; sjeldnere Firlinger. Dobbeltstjernerne 

 have brede, noget krummede Straaler med indskaarne 

 Rande og et kort Midtparti, der stundom er besat med 

 Blade; de ere fra 0.080—0.088'"™ lange og 0.044""" brede: 

 Midtpartiet er fra 0.016— 0.024"»" bredt, Fig. 6. 7.8. Spind- 

 lerne have mere eller mindre spidse Ender, ere næsten 

 regelmæssigt besatte med takkede Blade og nærme sig noget 

 de sammensatte Stjerner; de ere fra 0.132 — 0.172""" lange 

 og fra 0.048— 0.064""" brede, Fig. 9. 10. Klubberne ere 

 korte, rigt udstyrede med Takker, 0.096""" lange, og fra 

 0.048—0.060""" brede foroven, Fig. 11. 12. Firlingerne 

 indtage snart Korsformen, ere besatte med Papiller og fra 

 0.072—0.088"»" lange med en Tverstok fra 0.060— 

 0.068'"'" lang, Fig. 13. 14. 15. 16, — snart nærme de sig 

 Timeglasformen, ere ligeledes besatte med Papiller og fra 

 0.076—0.100™" lange, 0.064'""' brede i Enderne med et 

 omkring 0.020""" bredt Midtparti, Fig. 17. 



Paa Polypcellerne ere elliptiske Spindler, der tildels 

 nærme sig de sammensatte Stjerner, hyppigst; Klubber ere 

 sjeldnere, ligesaa Firlinger, og enkeltvis sees nogle Spilder, 

 der ere ganske særegne. Spindlerne ere rigt besatte med 

 tandede Blade; dette er især Tilfældet med dem, der nærme 

 sig de sammensatte Stjerner; de have afrundede Ender og ere 

 fra 0.116—0.156""" lange og fra 0.044— 0.068""» brede, 

 Fig. 18. 19; de øvrige Spindler ere takkede med tilspidsede 

 Ender; disse ere 0.128""" lange og 0.044'"'" brede, Fig. 20. 

 Klubberne ere temmelig tæt besatte med Blade, ere fra 

 0.136—0.156""" lange og fra 0.060— 0.088""" brede foroven, 

 Fig. 21. 22. Firlingerne ere dels i Form af Kors, besatte 

 med Blade og fra 0.076—0.092'"'" lange, med en 0.072"»" lang 

 Tverstok, Fig/ 23. 24, dels nærme de sig Formen af Time- 



nucleus with its nucleus-corpuscle, surrounded by a minutely 

 granular, rather dark, protoplasmic substance (fig. 3, a). Be- 

 tween the cells, especially in the deeper layers, calcareous 

 spicules are found embedded. Inside of the ectoderm there 

 is a broad, hyaline, connective-tissue layer, furnished with 

 connective-tissue corpuscles having prolongations, and also 

 with minute nutritory ducts (fig. 3, b). On the exterior sur- 

 face of the connective-tissue, 8 septula, Avith their muscular 

 layers, are observed, and, also, an endothelial covering con- 

 sisting of round cells containing large nuclei, with their 

 nucleus-corpuscles, which are surrounded by protoplasm 

 (fig. 4). The gullet -tube is cylindrical, and has 8 irregular 

 series of spicules which are, however, arranged in such 

 manner that the mesial part of the ventral and dorsal sides 

 is devoid of spicules (fig. 5). On the inner wall of the 

 gullet- tube, along the ventral side, the gullet-cavity, fur- 

 nished with its long flagelliform cells, is seen. The repro- 

 ductive organs are developed upon the 6 septula, and are 

 formed, as usual, of pedunculated capsules in which the 

 sexual products are developed. 



Upon the basal part, the spicular forms which are 

 most frequently met with are peculiar bistellates, fusees, 

 and clavates; quadruplets are more rare. The bistellates 

 have broad, somewhat curved, rays with indented margins, 

 and a short mesial part which, occasionally, is beset with 

 leaves; they measure from 0.080 — 0.088 mm in length, and 

 0.044'"'" in breadth; the mesial part measures from 0.016 — 

 0.024""" in breadth (figs. 6. 7. 8). The fusees have more 

 or less acuminated extremities, are, almost regularly, beset 

 with spicate leaves, and approach in form somewhat to the 

 complex stellates; they measure trom 0.132 — 0.172""" in 

 length, and from 0.048-0.064"»" in breadth (figs. 9. 10). 

 The clavates are short, and richly furnished with spikes; 

 they measure 0.096""" in length, and from 0.048—0.060""" 

 in breadth above (figs. 11. 12). The quadruplets sometimes 

 assume the cruciform, and are beset with papillæ ; they mea- 

 sure from 0.072— 0.088""" in length, and have a transver- 

 sal arm, measuring from 0.060 — 0.068""" in length (figs. 

 13. 14. 15. 16) sometimes they approach to the sand-glass 

 form, and are, also, fin this case beset with papillæ; they 

 measure from 0.076—0.100""" in length, 0.064'"'" in breadth 

 at the extremities, and have a mesial part measuring about 

 0.020""" in breadth (fig. 17). 



Upon the polyp-cells, the spicular forms most fre- 

 quently met with are elliptic fusees, which, in a measure* 

 approach in form to the complex stellates; clavates are 

 more rarely met with, and that is, also, the case as regards 

 quadruplets; a few occasional quite peculiar spicules are 

 also observed. The fusees are richly beset with dentated 

 leaves, and this is specially the case with those that 

 approach the complex stellates in form; they have rounded 

 extremities, and measure from 0.116 — 0.156""" in length, 

 and from 0.044—0.068""" in breadth (figs. 18. 19); the 

 remaining fusees are spicate, and have acuminated extrem- 

 ities; they measure 0.128'"'" in length, and 0.044""" in breadth 

 (fig. 20). The clavates are pretty closely beset with leaves; 

 they measure from 0.136 — 0.156'"™ in length, and from 



