143 



med deres korte Udførselskanaler, der munde ud i Svælg- 

 lmlheden. 



Spiklerne i Coenenchymet optræde i Form ai' Spindler, 

 Klubber og Firlinger. Spindlerne ere de hyppigste, men 

 variere stærkt i Formen, idet nogle nærme sig Dobbeltstjer- 

 nerne, ere •0.140 mm lange, 0.060"™ brede mod Enderne og 

 have et nøgent Midtparti, 0.01 2'""' bredt, Fig. 7, andre 

 nærme sig de sammensatte Stjerner, have en Længde af 

 0.196"™ og en Bredde af 0.060"™, Fig. 8, men de fleste 

 have dog den lige Spindelform, ere mere eller mindre besatte 

 med Takker, og fra 0.104 -0.160'™ lange og fra 0.028— 

 0.044"™ brede, Fig. 9. 10. 11. Firlingerne ere meget 

 sjeldnere og have Korsformen ; enkelte ere næsten glatte, 

 0.064"™ lange, 0.056"™ brede, Fig. 12, andre ere rigt be- 

 satte med Papiller og 0.148"™ lange med en 0.096""" lang 

 Tverstok, Fig. 13. Klubberne ere sjeldnest og besatte med 

 Blade, der ere takkede i Randen; de ere 0.148""" lange, 

 0.072""" brede foroven, Fig. 14. 



Paa Basaldelen ligge Spiklerne tæt paa hverandre, 

 men danne neppe mange Lag, da den er halv gjennemsigtig. 

 Dobbeltstjerner ere almindeligst, sjeldnere Køller og Klubber 

 og yderst sjeldent en Firling. Dobbeltstjernerne have brede 

 Straaler med som oftest takkede Ender og et nøgent Midt- 

 belte, men mange af dem have Straaler af ulige Længde 

 med stjerneformede Ender; de' første Foimier ere fra 0.080 

 —0.092"»» lange og fra 0.048—0.052"»" brede i Enderne 

 med et 0.020"™ bredt Midtbelte, Fig. 15. 16; de sidste 

 ere fra 0.112—0.128»™ lange og fra 0.068—0.076""" brede 

 Midtbeltet er 0.028"™ bredt, Fig. 17. 18. 19. Klubberne 

 ere mere eller mindre besatte med Blade, der have takkede 

 Rande, ere fra 0.100—0.120'""' lange og fra 0.060—0.076'"'" 

 brede foroven, Fig. 20. 21. Køllerne ere almindeligere end 

 Klubberne; ogsaa de ere forsynede med Blade, der ere 

 meget brede, sidde næsten krandsformigt paa Køllen og 

 have tandede Rande; de ere fra 0.124 — 0.176""" lange og 

 fra 0.052—0.064"™ brede opad, Fig. 22. 23. 24. Firlin- 

 gerne have Timeglasform, ere prydede med Papiller og 

 0.068"™ lange, 0.060"™ brede i Enderne og 0.024"™ brede 

 paa Midten, Fig. 25. 



Paa Cellen ligge Spiklerne tæt paa hverandre i de 

 8 Ribber ; her ere Spindler, Klubber og Køller hyppigst, 

 sjeldnere Firlinger. Spindlerne ere lige med dels af- 

 stumpede, dels tilspidsede Ender og forsynede enten med 

 Blade eller mindre Takker; de ere fra 0.132— 0.224"™ lange 

 og fra 0.028—0.044'"™ brede, Fig. 26. 27. 28. 29. Klub- 

 berne ere temmelig forskjellige; enkelte nærme sig Dobbelt- 

 stjernen, andre Spindelen, samtlige ere takkede og fra 



ciliæ. Between these cells, isolated, piriform unicellular 

 mucous glands are observed, with their short excretory 

 ducts opening into the gullet-cavity. 



The spicules of the sarcosoma appear in the form of 

 fusees, clavates, and quadruplets. The fusees are most 

 frequent, and they vary greatly in their form; some 

 approach in form to the bistellate, and measure 0.140""" 

 in length, and 0.060""" in breadth at the extremities, with 

 a bare mesial part measuring 0.012"™ in breadth (fig. 7) ; 

 whilst others approach in form to the complex stellates, 

 and measure 0.196""" in length, and 0.060"™ in breadth 

 (fig. 8); but most of them have, however, the straight 

 fusiform and are more or less beset with spikes; 

 they measure from 0.104 — 0.160'"'" in length, and from 

 0.028—0.044""" in breadth (fig. 9. 10. 11). The quadrup- 

 lets are much more rare, and have the cruciform; a few 

 of these are almost smooth, and measure 0.064"™ in length, 

 and 0.056""" in breadth (fig. 12); others, of them, are richly 

 beset with papillæ, and measure 0.148"™ in length, and 

 have a transversal arm measuring 0.096""" in length (fig. 13). 

 The clavates are the rarest spicular form and they are beset 

 with leaves which are spicate in the margin; they measure 

 0.148""" in length, and 0.072""" in breadth above (fig. 14). 



On the basal part, the spicules lie close upon each 

 other but can scarcely form many layers, as it is semi- 

 transparent, Bistellates are the most frequent spicular form, 

 more rarely do subclavates and clavates appear, and still 

 more rarely does a quadruplet appear. The bistellates have 

 broad rays, and ; usually, have spicate extremities and a t 

 bare mesial part, but many of them have rays of unequal 

 length, with stelliform extremities ; the first named forms 

 measure, from 0.080 — 0.092"™ in length, and from 0.048 — 

 0.052'"'" in breadth at the extremities, and their mesial part 

 measures 0.020"™ in breadth (figs. 15. 16); the lastnamecl 

 measure, from 0.112—0.128'""' in length, and from 0.068- - 

 0.076"™ in breadth, the mesial part measuring 0.028"™ in 

 breadth (figs. 17. 18. 19). The clavates are more or less 

 beset with leaves, having spicate margins, and measure from 

 0.100—0.120'""' in length, and from 0.060—0.076"™ in 

 breadth above (figs. 20. 21). The subclavates are met with 

 more frequently than the clavates, and they, also, are fur- 

 nished with leaves, which are very broad and are placed 

 almost in wreath-form on the bulb, furnished also with 

 dentated margins; they measure from 0.124 — 0.176""" in 

 length, and from 0.052—0.064"™ in breadth above (fig. 22. 

 23. 24). The quadruplets have the sand-glass form, and are 

 adorned with papillæ; they measure 0.068"™ in length, 

 0.060'"'" in breadth at the extremities, and 0.024"™ in 

 breadth at the middle (fig. 25). 



On the cell, the spicules lie close upon each other in 

 the 8 ribs. In this situation, fusees, clavates, and subclavates, 

 are the most frequent spicular forms; quadruplets are more 

 rare. The fusees are" straight, and have, partly blunted, 

 partly acuminated extremities, and they are furnished, either 

 with leaves or small spikes; they measure from 0.132 — 

 0.224"™ in length, and from 0.028-0.044""" in breadth 

 (fig. 26. 27. 28. 29). The clavates are rather various; a 



