2, REMARKS ON THE FIGURES OF PLATE XXXIV. 
thoracic units persisted through all the length of series, 
from the occiput to the other extreme. When once we 
admit that quantity has been subtracted from any region 
of series, and at the same time know the form and 
character of that lost quantity, then we say that this idea 
is equal to the actual restoration and presence of such 
quantity. If, for example, we say that a cervical or 
lumbar region of series is minus the costal appendages, 
such as we see persisting in the thoracic region of series, 
then we create for ourselves, by the rule of analogy, ideas 
of the lost quantity, as positive and salient as if we still 
viewed those costal circles still standing at the cervix and 
loms.. Now the law of metamorphosis is one which 
proportions variable quantities from the original archetype 
Series ; and therefore those minus proportionals of series 
refer severally to those original serial archetype quantities 
of which they are the proportionals. 
In fig. A we see the archetype quantities persistent at 
the thoracic region of series. Those thoracic circles which 
meet at the sternal line in front, are examples of the com- 
plete archetype quantities, and we have marked them 
consecutively from @ to g. After the archetype g, and 
from this down to m, we have the proportional quantities 
or asternal coste appended to their several vertebral pieces ;. 
the order is from plus to minus, and in this order we find 
that the full thoracic costo-vertebral archetype markedg, de- 
clines seriallyinto the lumbar unit marked 202. The tran- 
sition from thoracic to lumbar quantityis much more gradual 
than that from thoracic to cervical quantity, as it ordinarily 
takes place ; but we should not forget that occasionally the 
occurrence of cervical asternal costee renders the transi- 
tion from thorax to cervix as gradual as that from thorax 
to the lumbar spine. 
In fig. A all the forms lettered from a, to y, on both 
sides, may be regarded as proportional quantities; and for 
the same reason the costal pieces marked. 7, 0, p,g,7r, in 
the lumbar region of series, are to be read as the pro- 
portional homologues of the pieces bearing the same 
_ letters in the cervical region, consequently those pieces of 
either region may be named the proportionals of the 
thoracic quantities. 
Fig. B represents a posterior view of fig. A, and exhibits 
symmetry throughout the entire form, as well as the repeti- 
tion of every elemental part of one side at the opposite side. 
All the costal structures, whether complete or proportional, 
we have lettered from a to z,on both sides. All the 
exogenous transverse processes throughout the spinal 
series, bear the mark z. In this posterior view of the 
skeleton axis, the costal autogenous pieces of the cervix 
are hidden from view, being anterior to z, the exogenous 
points. 
The median line of fig. A cleaves the sternum symme- 
trically from the first piece a’ to the ziphoid cartilage g”, 
and is prolonged downwards over the ventrum in the 
direction of the linea alba. 
Now with regard to those forms or quantities which, 
occupying the same serial order, manifest no other variety 
amongst themselves save that of a proportional gradation, 
we will observe that the creation, such as it presents itself, 
may be contemplated variously, according to the views 
proposed to be developed thereupon; and first we remark, 
in reference to the fact of serial degradation, that it is 
already so self-evident as to require no further comment. 
The fact needs no illustrative argument in order to prove 
it to be more true, for we at first sight acknowledge that 
design has created those serial units marked 181, 19 m, and 
20n, of figs. A and B as proportional quantities. And 
therefore, as throughout the whole serial graduated line of 
figs. A and B this same proportional variety may be ob- 
served, so must it be concluded that plus and minus quan- 
tities constitute all the actual difference between them, 
whether generally or particularly considered. 
Symmetrical cast is also that condition of formation 
which all the serial quantities of figs. A and B possess in 
common. This is another well-marked fact, and we find that 
it relates those several quantities to each other despite the 
condition of plus and minus variation. _ Upon the positive 
reality of both of these orders of development: viz., that 
of proportioning and of symmetry, we remark that when 
they shall be once well recorded they need not be further 
ilustrated. Nor do we here prolong our comment upon 
the already striking evidence of both these conditions of 
cast under which figs. A and B have been created, but our 
main object is to prove that there is existing in nature 
that whole or archetype quantity, of which figs. A and B 
may be regarded as proportionals, and that in the demon- 
stration of such whole quantity exists the full evidence of 
the law of formation. For we hold it to be of lesser 
moment simply to have observed that figs. A and B are 
proportional series, whose units are still governed by the 
law of symmetry, than to have demonstrated to us, upon 
the basis of analogical reasoning, that those figures have 
been designed by the degradation of an original plus and 
symmetrical series, since through this reading alone, we 
may rise to the knowledge of how the law of nature has 
acted in the creation of figs. A and B. To this end, there- 
fore, our observations shall proceed ; and while we know 
that Truth is somewhere behind her cloud, although out of 
view, we shall send the Herald of Comparison to make 
search for her, and sue her to reveal herself in company. 
with facts of form undeniable, because obstructive, material, 
and impassable. 
When we say that between a+ 6 and a—d there happens a 
certain difference as to quantity, this fact is self-evident, for 
the former is plus and the latter is minus, just as plainly as 
2 is greater than 1, nor can the “ differential calculus ” work 
within us a clearer perception of the simple fact than what 
we at first sight spontaneously acknowledge to. But sim- 
ple though this fact (isolately considered) may seem, yet 
still there springs from it the long train of a system such as 
may be found everywhere in nature, progressing gradatim 
from the simples to the compound, and the exact analysis 
of this latter is only to be ascertained in the essential 
character of the former. The compound entity is a con- 
glomerate of simples, and, like an integer, contains those 
simples; or may be again disintegrated so as to yield 
them separate, as they once were previously to cohesive 
combination. Ifone added to one makes two, so will one sub- 
tracted from two leave one. Concerning this fact at least 
there is no chance of losing one’s footing, and of falling into 
