_ erispa), marjoram (Origanum Majorana, L.), sage (Salvia officinalis, L.), thyme 
. o these ake lasts 21 days. The conditions are likely a) be ideneeas for J 
and another 20 per cent. had rotted. | a 
balm-mint Ciiesa officinalis, L.), deopenine - (Mentha piperita, Ly, sp 
garis, L.) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis, L.). It is indicated that the ee 
and rolled in. Sorictinies they are sown in frames, when the sccHlinee fie be trans- = 
planted, as soon as they are big enough. The seeds germinate best in the presence of 
sufficient light and moisture. The act of germinating is rather slow and the seeds 
the market often leave much to be desired. 
The composite seeds generally distinguish themselves by derminatinenren ne and in- 
a normal way. Yarrow (Achillea millefolium, L.), wormwood (Artemisia Absinthium, ba 
tarragon (Artemisia Dracunculus, L.) and mugwort (Artemisia welgar E) seeds hee been 
found to require only 10 days for their germination. a 
All composite seeds are more or less favourably influenced by light i in their germination, | P 
so that they ought to be sown on the surface and pressed down. An experiment. made 
with corn chamomile (Matricaria Chamomilla, L.) had the following result: 60 per cent. 
of the seeds germinated within 10 days, 20 per cent. were still unaltered | after that period ’ 
There are no data available as to the germination of chamomile (Anthemis hohe L.) 
and tansy seeds (Tanacetum vulgare, L.), but it may be supposed that it takes ee 
quickly and in a normal way. 
Diseases of plants yielding essential oils. —Now and then one finds something on this 
subject in trade-journals*), mostly with regard to damage caused by fungi. This time, 
we are in a position to report on an article by Th. Sabalitschka?), in which not only 
these are taken into consideration, but also insect pests. ie 
The “sclerotic disease” of the caraway plant is caused by a fungus. In the besicnin fi 
it becomes noticeable through white or coloured spots on leaves and stalks; later on 
hard black lumps, white inside, form on and in the stalks. The disease is caused by 
fungus, Sclerotinia Libertiana, Fekl., which also attacks other cultivated plants, such 
ordinary and runner beans. It can be avoided by carefully destroying the fungi on 
seeds and cultivating the plants on soil that is not excessively moist. The snowy-wh: 
agglomerations of the spores of Pernospora nivea, the “false mildew”, form pale s: fe 
on the leaves, leading to decay. Another fungus, Protomyces apr ops Br. 
fungi, Synchytrium aureum, Schroet., and Teptigaeat Kriegeriana, Magn. Both f 
not common and do not cause any considerable damage. “ 
The caterpillars of the swallow-tail butterfly (Papilio ek and the 
4 Comp. Report October 1915, 64. — 2) Deutsche Parf. Ztg. 4 (1918), 46. 
Va 
