according to Tschirch, from the hexataxis of the hexoses, the most frequent form 
which sugar occurs in plants. As to the equally frequent presence of the methoxyl 
group, he traces it back to the occurrence of formaldehyde among the products of — 
assimilation. The reactions in the organism of the plant should be supposed to take 
place under the influence of synaptases and cyclokleiases (coupling or ring-closing- 
enzymes). On the other side, there would be the resolution into smaller particles, under © 
the influence of schizases, i.e. cleaving ferments. The established fact that minute 
quantities of enzymes may bring about most energetic reactions even at the ordinary — 
temperature. may without any hesitation be claimed for the explanation of the proceedings — 
in the laboratory of the plant cell, proceedings that we can understand all the better, 
now the chemical action has been localized and shown to be based pe an extensive 7 
division of labour. | ol 
Smells of mushrooms. — On pages 100/102 of our Report of April/October 1916, we © 
discussed E. Herrmann’s*) treatise on smells of mushrooms. The following details 
are taken from a further *) publication of his, full of details. :\ 
A smell of anise is found, in addition to the mushrooms previously ‘neniene le 
in Clitocybe alutacea, C. obsoleta, C. suaveolens, C. fragrans and Lentinus cornice 
the last-named being found on rotting tree trunks of pine forests. The same smell is — 
met with, in a higher or a lower degree, in Psalliota perrara, P. pratensis, Fromes odora 
and Tramates suaveolens, the latter two growing on trees. — 
The smell of fennel is not frequent. We find it with Polyporus squamosus aac 
Fomes ribis. Old specimens of Clitocybe nebularis have a mixture of fennel odour and ~ 
an obtrusive, almost repugnantly sweet smell. 4 
Calodon compactus smells of cinnamon. 
An odour of melilot is to be noticed’*with Hydnum graveolens. . 
Octaviana asterospora, a small ball-shaped fungus looking like truffles, possesses - 
a smell of basil. & 
As to a smell of onions, we find it with a good many kinds of Marasmius, such — 
as M. porreus, M. alliaceus and M. perforans. Telephora palmata, the little tuberous — 
Gautieria graveolens, Hymenogaster Klotzschii, the brownish yellow Rhizopogon bulcolteas } 
the reddish R. rubescens and Melanogaster ambiguus. 4 
The poisonous common earth-ball, Scleroderma vulgare, when dried, Polyporus — 
benzoinus, P. fumosus, P. melanopus and P. vaporaria have a spicy smell. . 
Like fruit generally speaking smell Tricholoma caligatum.and T. chrysenterum. | 
Hydnum Schedermayri, a dangerous parasite on apple-trees, smells of apples) whe . 
fresh; in a dry state it smells repulsive. ee 
A smell of pears occurs in Inocybe scabra, J. pyriodora and Naucoria suavis. 
Cratarellus lutescens reminds one of the smell of strawberries. is 
Limacium agathosmum and L. eburneum smell of bitter almonds. 
Tricholoma calathum and Naucoria cucumis smell of fresh cucumbers. — : 
A smell of flour is encountered with Nyctalis asterophora, Hygrophorus metapod 
Phlegmacium emollitwm, Pholiota preecox, Ph. marginata, Ph. phalerata, Ph. unicolor, Le 
rf 
ah, 
1) Pharm. Zentralh. 66 (1915), 555. -— 2) Ibidem 59 (1918), 1, 7, 19. 
