“AND SCIENTIFIC ‘NOTES ON ESSENTIAL OILS. 15 
Aes ‘oils! of Piirycsdihemiins Pe atlnatant Yi; Shinosaki obtained, by means of steam 
- distillation, from Chrysanthemum marginatum, Mig. .. a composita known in Japan as 
Tsokiku, 0.005 per cent. of a greenish-blue oil with following characteristics: di;0 0.9231, 
[a] — 46.589, Npm»o 1.5020, saponification value 16.30, ester value after acetylation 63.09. 
In addition to esters and alcohols, small quantities of an aldehyde or ketone were prgsent 
Ba which | gave a crystalline bisulphite compound’). 
Cinnamon Oil, Ceylon. — According to an announcement of the Weekly Times 
of Ceylon) the shortage of Ceylon cinnamon is caused by the planters growing coconuts 
- and caoutchouc instead. There is little prospect of the cultivation again increasing. 
The wild cinnamon trees in the jungles and forests, formerly exploited, have been 
~ mostly destroyed by the clearings. The cinnamon crop of 1919 was especially small — 
on account of unfavourable weather; the prospects of the 1920 harvest are better, | 
since rain fell at the right time. : : ih 
-_Four different places on the Gold- Coast, Tarquah, Assuantsi, Coomassie and Aburi 
(Agricultural Stations) forwarded cinnamon bark to the London Imperial Institute, the 
essential oils of which were distilled and examined there*). We have already reported 
on the oil coming from Tarquah*). For comparison the results also of this investigation 
are given once more. : : 
Cinnamon bark from: _ Assuantsi Coomassie Aburi- Tarquah 
Heavy ils.) 2 1.5 per cent. 1.6 per cent. 1.4 per cent. 1.18 per cent. 
Light oil5) . Ot ee Oa os Og a Cea S 
Total oil; 1.8 per cent. 2.0 per cent. 1:7 per cent. 1.48 per cent. 
‘The heavy oils had an especially pleasant odour; not only the oil-yield but also 
the aldehyde content of the oils was very high, as is seen from following table: — 
Heavy cinnamon oil from: Assuantsi Coomassie _ Aburi Tarquah 
des | 1.038 1.042 1.041 1.042 
“ae 1.594 1.606 1.603 1.603 
Aldehyde Cobieht Caphanitanate) 74 percent. 88percent. 86 percent. 86 per cent. - 
Solubility i in 70 per cent. alcohol in 2.5 parts 2.4 parts 2.4 parts 2.4 parts 
A cinnamon bark oil from Ceylon, and obtained by us via London, was sampled, 
and proved to us that the bad habit is still followed there of distilling the bark and 
the leaves together®) so that naturally no pure bark oil is obtained. Such distillates 
are recognised, apart from their different smell, most of all by the too low aldehyde 
-content and the too high eugenol content. We let the constants of the sample follow, 
and give simultaneously the valid limiting values for Ceylon cinnamon-bark and ~ 
cinnamon-leaf oils, which brings out in the best manner, the extent to which the oil 
“AS rendered impure by the presence of the leaf oil: — 
; Sample Bark oil Leaf oil 
dso . . 1.0445 1.023 to 1.040 1.044 to 1.065 
Oy a. . —0° 28’ slightly left, as arule —0°15’ to 4+ 2° 20’ 
; _ not over — 1° Z 
Aldehyde content . . 29 percent. 65 to 76 per cent. up to 2.5 per cent. 
Phenol content . 50 per cent. 4 to 10 per cent. 65 to 95 per cent. 
Solubility in 70 per cent. alcohol 
1) Journ. Chem. Ind. Tokyo 22 (1919), 455. According to Journ. Soc. Chem. Industry 38 (1919), A. 877. 
3) Bull. Imp. Inst. 17 (1919), 189. 
Gilg, 2nd ed., vol. ll, p, 418. 
ue th. 2 
gS a Win cs 
2) Ind. u. Handelsztg. 1920, No. 9. 
5) Obtained by extracting the distillation water with ether. — 8) Cf. Gildemeister and Hoffmann, The Volatile 
sol. in 1.7 vols., and over 
sol. in 2 to 3 vols. 
sol. in 1 to 3 vols. 
18. 
4) Cf. Report 1919, 
