COMMERCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC NOTES ON ESSENTIAL OILS. 61 
in one sample, which, as the smell of the mixture led us to believe, originated from — 
Ceylon citronella oil. If the producer thought that he was more closely approaching 
the odour of the natural oil with this, he made a vet great mistake; in addition it 
_ does not alter its inutility as a worm-remedy. 
During the War the cases of sickness due to intestinal parasites increased greatly. 
According to H. Briining, this sickness, especially “Oxyuriasis”, is to be ascribed less 
to the lowering of the quality, and sameness of the food, than to uncleanliness, brought 
about by lack of soap, fuel, under-linen-and bed linen. In an exhaustive treatise’) 
Briining gives the ways and means of successfully fighting the chief varieties of intestinal 
parasites —tape-worms (Tenia). thread-worms (Oxyuris) and maw-worms (Ascaris). 
- According to this, no cure for worms can be effected until the kind of worm has been 
absolutely identified. The cure of oxyuriasis especially is not easy and only by the 
most painstaking following of the directions given by Briining, can it be accomplished. 
As the thread-worms live in the upper part of the colon, in the czcuim, and as only 
occasionally the females crawl to the lowest parts of the rectum to lay their eggs, 
the mouth-therapeutics must be amplified by that of the anus. The patients must be 
kept absolutely clean. Further it should be noted that cases of thread-worms seldom 
remain confined to one member of a family. Santonine, naphthalene, Gelonida Aluminii 
subacetict comp. c. Alum. Lee and enemas with suitable admixtures are recommended 
as remedies. 
The cure for maw-worms is simpler. For medicines there are santonica, or the 
Santonine obtained therefrom, and most important of all, the American wormseed oil. 
The fact that the dispensing of santonine is not always harmless, caused Brtining’) to 
resort more to the use of wormseed oil. Like him, Thelen, Ruland, Schmitz, Vervoort: 
and many other authors were able again and again to confirm the good effects of this 
medicine as antiascaridic without any disagreeable consequences accompanying the - 
cure. Many have successfully employed the oil in fighting against the thread-worms. 
Cases of poisoning have occurred when using wormseed oil, and it should hence be 
taken only in the smallest possible doses consonant with effectiveness. Therefore it 
it should be seen to that it remains In the body no longer than is necessary for an 
effective cure. , : 
The treatment of maw-worms should be as follows for children:— At 7 a. m. a light 
breakfast; at 8 a.m. and also at 9 a.m. as many drops of wormseed oil as the age 
of the child in years—but never exceeding 10 per dose; at 11 a.m. a good dose of 
purgative, best of all 10 to 20 to 30 g. castor oil, according to the age of the child, or 
a corresponding dose of compound licorice powder or soothing powder. If up to 2 p.m. 
no evacuation has taken place, repeat the dose. | 
The intestinal worms of the horse (Sclerostemum equinum, Dnj.) are hard to disperse. 
Green vitriol and tartar emetic are of little use; the latter dan even cause inflammation 
of the bowels. Oil of turpentine works much better. One dose (60 g. in a litre of 
olive oil) gets rid of 50 per cent. of the parasites. .The American wormseed oil is very 
effective — given in quantities of 16 to 20 cc. it destroys over 95 per cent. of the worms. 
Half this quantity has little effect. Accordingly chenopodium oil is the best means 
for dealing with the intestinal parasites of the horse; oil of turpentine comes next’). 
1) Mediz. Klinik No. 11 and 47, 1919, according to kindly forwarded special reprint. — °) Cf. Report 
October 1907, 99. — #) Stall, Wilson and Wigdor, Vet. Record of 21. June 1919.. According to Pharmaceutical 
Tourn. 103 (1919), 3 
